满语动词sindambi初探

A Study of Manchu verb sindambi

满语sindambi是较有代表性的多义词,使用率高,词义丰富,搭配灵活。从各时期满文文献看,在后金时期,sindambi是一个词义丰富、用法灵活的常用动词。sindambi以基本义"放开"和"放置"为中心,语义不断引申、扩展和细化,产生了许多引申义,一些引申义继而又发展出各自的引申义,致使词义逐步由具体走向抽象。

The verb sindambi in Manchu is a relatively typical polysemic word, which entered the Man- chu language in the early times. With its abundant loads of meanings, flexible in collocation with other words, the word is frequently used in Manchu language. Manchu archives of different times showed that it used to be a word with multiple meaning and with flexible usage since post-Jin Dynasty. The word＇ s basic meaning is ＂to release＂ and ＂to place＂, and later it acquires extended, broaden, and thinning in meaning. New words are formed based on the extended meaning and more new words are further formed, making the word＇ s meaning gradually becoming more abstract.