民国时期信用合作立法遏止农村高利贷问题研究

Studies on Cooperative Credit Legislation in order to Contain Rural Usurious Loans during the National Government of China

民国时期,农村高利贷猖獗,使得原本崩溃的农业经济雪上加霜,农民生计更加困苦,进而危及国计民生。对此,国民政府试图通过信用合作立法,保障农民自主组织和管理信用合作社、为自己发放低息贷款,以遏止高利贷。此举产生了一定的积极作用,但由于相关立法及其实践脱离国情、政府急于求成、农民无法掌控放贷权、政府无法监管和打击高利贷资本等问题的存在,最终没有达到预期的遏止目标,农村高利贷问题日趋严重。

During the national government of China, high interest loans ran rampant causing the rural economy to deteriorate. The peasants＇ livelihood became increasingly difficult creating a national economic crisis. Because of this, the government attempted by providing low interest loans. This did have practicality as well as over anxiousness of the to utilize a credit system to guarantee the rights of the individual a noticeable effect but because of a break in legislation and its government, the peasants were unable to control their right to a loan. The government ultimately failed to maintain their objective, unable to effectively manage usurious capital, thus the problem became more critical with every passing day.