三维权力与微观权力:从卢克斯到福柯的权力观

3D Power and Micro-Power from Lukes' to Foucault's Concepts

权力是社会学研究的一个重要的维度,也是文化研究和政治学中的重心之一,所有对于社会机制、法律和政治的思考都不可避免地导向权力。卢克斯的三维权力理论和福柯的微观权力观都探询了权力被建构的方式,以及在后工业社会中,对它的探讨趋势如何从宏观走向了微观。卢克斯对它的研究主要从宏观层面考察规范性的功能以何种方式作用于现实秩序,而福柯的探讨则逐渐走向了一种去中心化的关系网络研究,从立足于经济制度和政治制度的中心化权力导向了国家机构与法律制度之外的更复杂的存在。

Power as a crucial dimension of sociology is the key to cultural research and politics, for all of the thinkings on social institutions, laws and politics inevitably heads for power. Lukes＇ 3D power theory and Fou- cault＇ s micro-power concept, both of them strive to reveal the construction of power, and in the post-industrial society, how to explore it from macro- to micro-view. Lukes took the macro-level examination to study the methods by which normative function played on realistic orders, while Foucault studied it under a decentralized relationship network, that is, he seized the centralized power of economic and political systems to explore the more complicated existence beyond state or^nns l^w~ ~.A ;.~;~,,~;~