科学社团与20世纪30年代大学物理教材的“中国化”

Science Societies and “Nationalization” of University Physics Textbooks in 1930s

民国前期,大学物理教学普遍使用英文教材和英语授课,这成为中国物理学高等教育继续发展的一大问题。1930年代,国内掀起了一场教材"中国化"运动。在此前后,科学社团主导了物理名词的审查,并最终完成了物理名词的统一,为物理教材"中国化"奠定了坚实的基础;独立编译了一批物理著作,成为大学教学的参考书;参与商务印书馆版"大学丛书"物理教材的出版,改变了大学物理教材的使用情况。科学社团参与和推动的物理教材"中国化",对中国近代物理学的发展起到了重要作用。

In early Republic of China, the extensive use of physics textbooks and teaching physics in English became an obstacle to the development of Chinese physical higher education. In 1930s, domestic educators launched textbooks ＂nationalization＂ campaign. As an important folk strength, The Science Society led the examination and unification of physical terms and laid a solid foundation for physical textbooks ＂nationalization＂; The Science Society compiled a number of physics books, which later became the reference books for university physical teaching; The Science Society took part in compiling physics textbooks of the Commercial Press ＂University Series＂ and changed the structure of university physics textbooks. The Physics textbooks ＂nationalization＂ participated and promoted by the Science Society had played an important role in the development of physics in modem China.