低碳钢非对称角焊温度场有限元分析

A finite element analysis of asymmetric angle welding temperature field

针对单边开坡口的非对称角根焊中熔透不稳定、成形质量差的问题,对其温度场及熔池成形规律进行分析从而优化焊接参数的选取,改善成形质量.考虑温度、对流、辐射和相变潜热对材料物理性能的影响,利用有限元分析软件建立了低碳钢非对称角焊缝有限元模型,并进行仿真计算.对比讨论了不同结构情况下焊接电流对温度场的影响,重点分析了非对称角焊接参数对背部熔宽的影响.结果表明,非对称角焊缝温度分布不均匀,背部熔宽对电流的变化十分敏感,焊接电流大小对熔池形状影响较大.通过试验得到三组熔透情况不同的焊缝,其热影响区形状尺寸与仿真结果吻合良好,从而验证了理论分析的有效性.

In the actual production,most angle welding is asymmetric,causing the instable back penetration and the poor forming quality. The temperature field and molten pool forming were studied in order to optimize the selection of welding parameters and improve the forming quality. The three-dimensional mathematical model of low carbon asymmetric angle filler wire TIG welding has been developed to calculate,considering with the effect of temperature,radiation and convection heat latent on physical properties of the material. Compared to discuss the effect of welding current on temperature field under the different structure,focus on analyzed the effect of the parameters on the asymmetrical angle welding penetration. The results show that the asymmetric fillet weld temperature distribution is not uniform,and back weld width which changes on the current is very sensitive,the influence of welding current on weld pool shape is significant. Through the three group experiments,the weld heat affected zones are received,its shape and size agree well with the simulation results,which verifies the validity of the the oretical analysis.