Φ-OTDR型分布式全光纤传感器研究进展

Research Progress of Distributed Optical Fiber Sensors Based on Φ-OTDR Structure

光时域反射型分布式全光纤传感技术相比于其他光纤传感技术,具有探测范围广、定位可靠性好以及定位精度高的优势。其中,相位型光时域反射(Φ-OTDR)技术更是具备了极高的探测灵敏度和动态响应能力,能够实现实时振动信号检测。该技术还具备在长距离管道监测、周界安防和结构健康监测等领域应用的潜质。但是传统的Φ-OTDR系统由于响应频率较低、探测信号失真等问题,无法全面满足实际应用要求。近年来,在国内外广大研究学者的努力下,Φ-OTDR技术实现了多方面的突破,逐渐走向成熟并成功实现现场应用。回顾了近20年来国内外Φ-OTDR技术方面的研究成果,总结和评价了Φ-OTDR技术在频率响应能力提升、动态响应范围提升、相位解调波形还原以及后期数字信号处理等方面所取得的研究进展,并对未来Φ-OTDR技术的应用与发展趋势进行了展望。

Compared with other optical fiber sensing techniques,the optical time domain reflectometry distributed optical fiber sensing technique（ OTDR-DOFS） has many advantages,such as larger detective scale,better locating reliability and more accurate locating accuracy. In addition,OTDR-DOFS technique features higher detection sensitivity and dynamic response capability,so it can detect vibration signals in real time; and it is extremely suitable for long distance pipeline monitoring,perimeter security and structural health monitoring areas. However,traditional Φ-OTDR has some disadvantages,such as low response frequency and detected signal distortion,etc.,so it cannot meet the whole requirements of practical application. In recent years,thanks for the majority of research scholars working hard at home and abroad,the Φ-OTDR technique achieves a variety of breakthroughs,and is gradually matured and employed in field applications. The research achievements of Φ-OTDR technique in the last twenty years are reviewed,and the research progress of the hotspots of this technique is summarized and evaluated,which includes the improvement of frequency response capability,enlargement of dynamic detection range,restoration of phase-demodulation waveform,and post-processing of digital signals; and the developing trend of Φ-OTDR technique and its application in future is forecasted.