基于火灾风险的居住区社会消防力量配置研究

Research on Firefighting Force Configuration in Residential Areas Based on Fire Risk Assessment

近年来,居住区内小火亡人火灾频发、消防警力严重不足、城乡公共基础设施跟不上经济快速发展的步伐,火灾形势日益严峻,为解决这一突出矛盾,要充分利用和动员社会各种形式的消防力量参与消防管理工作。依据区域火灾风险评估方法,在修改完善国家"十·五"科技攻关计划专题的研究成果基础上,提出从居住区特征、火灾负荷、消防实力、社会消防安全管理四个方面建立居住区火灾风险评估指标体系,对居住区进行火灾风险评估,提出根据居住区火灾风险等级,确定网格化消防力量配置标准,明确居住区内社会消防力量的人员任务和分工,以此推动消防工作的社会化,提高社会消防安全水平。

Recently,the situation of fire safety becomes increasingly serious.For instance,accidents of small fires in residential areas frequently lead to death;there are not enough active firefighting force and public infrastructure for fire prevention.In order to solve these problems,various forms of firefighting forces should be pooled to participate in fire safety.Based on fire risk assessment and the achievements of ＂the tenth five-year＂scientific plan,this paper proposes developing a fire risk assessment indicator system with characteristics of residential areas,fire load,social firefighting forces and social fire prevention management.In order to promote the socialization of fire safety and strengthen fire safety,efforts must be made to carry out an assessment of residential area＇s fire risks,rank them by levels,configure a standard of grid-enabled firefighting force,and specify the missions and tasks of the social firefighting forces in residential areas.