中专护生社会支持与人际关系对其孤独感的作用

Role of social support and interpersonal relationship to the loneliness in nursing students of technical secondary school

目的调查高等医学院校中专护理专业学生(护生)的社会支持、人际关系与孤独感现状,探讨三者之间的关系,为中专护生的心理健康教育工作提供参考。方法利用方便取样方法,于2015年10月15日选取西南医科大学中专护理专业210名在校学生为研究对象,采用社会支持评定量表(SSRS)、人际关系综合诊断量表(IRIDS)和UCLA孤独量表(UCLA-LS)对其社会支持程度、人际关系现状及孤独感程度进行调查。应用SPSS 18.0进行统计分析。结果中专护生SSRS总评分为(32.46±5.14)分,有无恋爱经历及不同生源地护生的SSRS各维度评分差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05);IRIDS评分为(11.67±4.66)分,有无恋爱经历者评分差异有统计学意义(t=-2.37,P=0.019);UCLA-LS评分为(46.69±7.69)分,有无恋爱经历及不同生源地护生的UCLA-LS各维度评分差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。SSRS总评分与IRIDS及UCLA-LS评分均呈负相关(P均<0.01),IRIDS评分与UCLA-LS评分呈正相关(P<0.01)。中专护生的交际困扰、交谈困扰和待人接物困扰与主观支持、对支持的利用度可预测孤独感(R^2=0.352,F=21.74,P<0.01)。结论中专护生的社会支持、人际关系和孤独感三者之间相关,改善人际关系与社会支持度,可能有利于降低孤独感,促进中专护生的心理健康。

Objective To investigate the status and correlations among the social support,interpersonal relationship and loneliness, and to provide guidance for enhancing the mental health education of nursing students in the technical secondary school. Methods Using convenience sampling method, on October 15, 2015, a total of 210 nursing students from the technical secondary school in Southwest Medical University were selected. Adopting the Social Support Rating Scale （ SSRS） , Interpersonal Relationship Integrative Diagnostic Scale （IRIDS） and University of California Los Angeles Loneliness Scale （UCLA - LS） to assess their status of social support, interpersonal relationship and loneliness. Statistical analysis was carried out by SPSS 18.0 software. Results The total score of SSRS was （32.46 ±5. 14）,and there was no statistical significance of each dimension score of SSRS between with and without the love experience and different origin nursing students （all P 〉 0. 05 ）. The score of IRIDS was （ 11. 67 ± 4. 66 ）,and there was statistically significant between with and without the love experience （艺 =-2. 37, P = 0.019）. The score of UCLA - LS was （46.69 ±7.69）, and there was no statistical significance of each dimension score of UCLA - LS between with and without the love experience and different origin nursing students （ all P 〉0. 05） . The correlations between the scores of SSRS with IRIDS and UCLA - LS were negative （all P 〈0. 01） , and correlation between the scores of IRIDS and UCLA - LS was positive （P 〈0. 01） . Regression analysis suggested that the conversation, communication and dealing with people difficulties in interpersonal relationship, subjective support and utilization degree in social support could significantly predict the loneliness of the nursing students in secondaiy schools patients （x^2 =0. 352, F =21. 74, P 〈0. 01 ）. Conclusion This study suggest that the relationship among social support, interpersonal relationship and loneliness wereclosely in technical secondary school nursing students. Improving the interpersonal relationship and social support degree is beneficial to reduce loneliness and promote the mental health of nursing students.