单模态驱动的非对称定子结构塔形超声电机

A Single-Mode-Drive and Tower-Shaped Ultrasonic Motor with an Asymmetric Stator

现有单模态驱动超声电机或者只能单向运动,或者存在严重磨损。针对此问题,提出了一种单模态驱动双向运动的塔形超声电机。塔形电机由非对称结构塔形定子和动子构成。塔形定子采用非对称的兰杰文振子结构,设计有低阶和高阶非对称工作模态以及相应的压电陶瓷片极化布置方案,通过模态切换就可以实现电机的单模态驱动和正反向运动。分析了电机的工作原理,制作了原理样机,并对样机进行了模态实验和机械特性实验。结果表明,当A相单相激励,电机工作在高阶工作模态,动子正向运行,最大速度为112mm/s,最大输出力为2N;当B相单相激励,电机工作在低阶工作模态,动子反向运行,最大速度为94mm/s,最大输出力为3N。

In order to solve the problem that the existing single-mode-drive USMs either move unidirectionally or wear and tear seriously,a single-mode-drive and tower-shaped USM that can move bi-directionally is presented.The USM is composed of an asymmetric stator and a mover,and the stator is designed as an asymmetric Langevin vibrator.A low-order and a higher-order asymmetric working mode is utilized to the stator,and the scheme of PZTs′polarization and arrangement location are designed accordingly.Switching between the low-order and the higher-order mode can drive the motor bi-directionally by the single mode.Firstly,the working principle of the motor is analyzed.Then the prototype of the motor is fabricated.Finally,the tests of vibration mode and mechanical characteristics on the prototype are accomplished.Experimental results show that under the condition of single phase excitation through phase A,the motor is working under the low-order mode,and the mover is driven forward with the maximal velocity of 112mm/s and the maximal driving force of 2N;under the condition of single phase excitation through phase B,the motor is working under the higher-order mode,and the mover is driven backward with the maximal velocity of 94mm/s and the maximal driving force of 3N.