论早期法兰克福学派关于意识形态斗争性的探索

On the Fighting Nature of Ideology of the Early Frankfurt School

早期法兰克福学派较早地意识到资本主义意识形态渗透的后果,鼓励无产阶级通过意识形态斗争争取革命胜利。霍克海默和阿多诺批判启蒙的工具理性阻碍了无产阶级阶级意识的发展,主张发挥意识形态的功能来反抗资本主义经济的权威和国家的权威,从而构建符合人道的社会。弗洛姆认为逃避自由的心理机制磨灭了人的主体性,只有充分发挥意识形态在革命中的作用,才能恢复人的主体性。

The early Frankfurt School realized the negative consequences of the infiltration of the capitalist ideology and believed that the key factor for the victory of the proletarian revolution lies in the ideological struggle. Horkheimer and Adorno criticized rationality, the instrumental of Enlightenment, hinders the development of proletarian class consciousness. They advocated the ideological function to fight against the authority of the capitalist economy and the state,with which a humane society can be built. Fromm believed that the psycho logical mechanism of freedom evade the human subjectivity,and human subjectivity can be restored with the full play of the role of ideology in the revolution.