有机固体废物超高温好氧发酵技术及其工程应用

Development of hperthermophinic aerobic composting and its engineering applications in organic solid wastes

有机固体废物已成为我国生态环境和农业面源污染的重要源头,解决废物资源化高效利用问题成为研究的热点与关键.虽然传统高温堆肥作为废物资源化处理技术已经成熟,但是存在发酵周期长、发酵温度低、无害化不彻底等缺陷,严重制约其工厂化推广应用.本文推出一种有机废物资源化利用新技术:超高温好氧发酵技术.介绍了其基本原理、工艺流程、发酵参数以及在废物资源化利用方面的优势.该技术通过添加嗜热菌剂使发酵温度比传统高温堆肥高出20~30℃,能够显著缩短发酵周期、强化无害化效果.因此,该技术有望成为一项具有广泛应用前景和市场需求的废物资源化新技术.

As important non-point source pollution from agriculture and municipal use,organic solid waste poses serious threat to the environment,organic solid wastes make a serious threat to the environment,so how to process and recycle them causes unprecedent-ed attention. Although traditional thernophilic composting,as a waste utilization technology,is well studied for decades,some de-fects in this technology seriously restrict its industrial applications, such as long fermentation time,low fermentation temperature, incomplete maturity. To overcome these drawbacks,a new technology named hperthermophinic aerobic fermentation was introduced, together with its basic principle,process flow,fermentation parameter and advantages. Experimental tests proved that adding extreme thermophilic bacteria increased the fermentation temperature of this technology by 20-30 ℃,comparing to traditional composting, which eventually greatly shorten the fermentation time by 15-25 days. Therefore,this technology has a wide potential in the field of wastes utilization.