G20峰会期间宜兴市大气VOCs特征及来源分析

VOCs Characteristics and Sources Apportionment in Yixing City During the G20 Summit

2016年G20杭州峰会期间,应用TH-300B挥发性有机物在线监测仪对江苏省宜兴市大气VOCs进行监测,烷烃、烯烃、芳香烃、乙炔、氯代烃、OVOC、乙腈体积混合比分别为11.00×10^(-9)、1.93×10^(-9)、5.78×10^(-9)、1.23×10^(-9)、4.16×10^(-9)、10.37×10^(-9)、0.27×10^(-9),应用臭氧最大生成潜势系数计算,烯烃和芳香烃为OFP贡献最大的活性组分,VOCs中臭氧前体物NMHCs主要来源为工业排放(42.2%)、机动车尾气(17.9%)、油气挥发(20.8%)、溶剂挥发(7.0%)、植物源贡献(12.1%),结合条件概率函数分析,其中的人为污染源与西北、东南方向的污染源分布有关,植物源与西南山地丘陵区域有关.在大气污染物排放严格管控期(2016-09-01~2016-09-06),主要源于一次排放的大气污染物浓度均有所下降,NMHCs中工业源占比下降至30.5%,植物源占比上升至16.8%.

A continuous measurement was conducted in Yixing city urban area from 24th August to 15th September using TH-300B continuous online GC-MS instrument during G20 summit in Hangzhou, 2016. The VOCs average mass concentrations of alkane, alkene, aromatic, acetylene, haloalkane hydrocarbons, OVOC and acetonitrile were 11.00×10^-9, 1.93×10^-9, 5.78×10^-9, 1.23×10^-9, 4.16×10^-9, 10.37×10^-9, 0.27×10^-9, respectively. The photochemical reaction activity was calculated by using the maximum potential coefficient of Ozone Formation Potential. Alkene and aromatic hydrocarbons were the most active components of OFP. By applying the positive matrix factorization（PMF）model, five major factors were extracted to identify the sources of NMHCs in Yixing city, including industry（42.2%）,vehicle exhaust（17.9%）, fuel evaporation（20.8%）, paint/solvent usage（7.0%）and plant（12.1%）. Combined with the conditional probability function（CPF） analysis, source of anthropogenic pollution was related to the distribution of industrial enterprises in the northwest and southeast, while the plant source was related to the forest hilly region of Southwest Yixing city. The effect of air pollutant emission reduction showed that the primary emission air pollutants had declined significantly during the strict control period from 1th to 6th September in G20 summit,2016, and the industry proportion was reduced to 30.5%, whereas the plant proportion increased to 16.8%.