变应性鼻炎舌下特异性免疫治疗前后主客观指标、生活质量改变及疗效影响因素分析

Changes of Subjective and Objective Indexes and Quality of Life Influencing Factors of Curative Effect in Allergic Rhinitis Patients under Sublingual Immunotherapy

目的:分析舌下特异性免疫治疗变应性鼻炎(AR)临床疗效及其影响因素。方法:以我院2012年1月~2014年1月诊治的100例变应性鼻炎患者为研究对象,均接受舌下特异性免疫治疗,以治疗2年为研究终点,比较治疗前、治疗2年后症状及体征评分、视觉模拟量表(VAS)评分及生活质量变化,评价治疗2年疗效及不良反应,同时对可能影响舌下特异性免疫治疗2年疗效的相关因素行多元线性回归分析。结果:治疗2年总有效率高达72.00%;与治疗前比较,治疗2年后症状及体征积分、VAS评分、鼻结膜炎生存质量调查问卷(RQLQ)中文版各项评分均显著下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多元线性回归分析显示舌下特异性免疫治疗AR 2年疗效的影响因素为病程、治疗前VAS评分及患者用药依从性。结论:舌下特异性免疫治疗AR疗效明确,不良反应少,能有效缓解患者症状及体征,改善其生活质量。同时其疗效与AR患者病程长、治疗前VAS评分高、用药依从性差有关。

Objective：To analyze the clinical effects of sublingual immunotherapy in the treatment of allergic rhinitis （AR） and the influencing factors.Methods：One hundred patients with AR treated in our hospital between January 2012 and January 2014 were studied.All patients underwent sublingual immunotherapy.With the end of 2-years treatment as the study endpoint,the changes of scores of symptoms and signs,visual analogue scale （VAS） score and quality of life were compared before treatment and 2 years after treatment.The curative effect and adverse reactions after 2 years of treatment were evaluated.The related factors that may affect the effect of 2-years sublingual immunotherapy were analyzed by multivariate linear regression analysis.Results：The total effective rate after 2 years of treatment was up to 72.00％.After 2 years of treatment,the scores of symptoms and signs,VAS score and the scores of Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality Of Life Questionnaire （RQLQ） in Chinese version were significantly lower than those before treatment （P ＜ 0.05）.Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that the factors influencing the effect of 2-years sublingual irnmunotherapy included the course of disease,VAS score before treatment and dedication compliance of the patients.Conclusion：The effect of sublingual immunotherapy for treating AR is clear,and the adverse reactions are few.It can effectively relieve the symptoms and signs of the patients and improve their quality of life.Besides,the curative effect in patients with AR is related to long course of disease,high VAS score before treatment and poor medication compliance.