开展美沙酮维持治疗后江苏省注射吸毒艾滋病病毒感染者现况研究

Survey on MMT status of HIV-infected injecting drug users in Jiangsu Province

目的:分析江苏省针对阿片类物质成瘾者开展美沙酮维持治疗(methadone maintenance treatment,MMT)10年后注射吸毒的人免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficiency virus,HIV)感染者现状。方法:从艾滋病网络直报系统中下载历年报告的HIV感染者以及参加MMT的患者信息,分析感染者接受MMT门诊服务现状。结果:江苏省医疗机构报告的HIV感染者中有430例尚未接受过MMT服务。截至2015年12月底,累计收治9 382例阿片类物质成瘾者,其中190例为注射吸毒的HIV感染者,目前31.58%仍在治疗。与未被门诊收治的感染者相比,MMT门诊收治感染者的平均年龄较大(P<0.001),HIV感染状态持续时间较长(P<0.001),汉族患者比例较高(P<0.001),初中及以上文化程度者比例较高(P<0.001)。结论:MMT门诊的覆盖面需进一步扩大,从而吸纳注射吸毒的HIV感染者接受治疗,门诊配套的综合干预服务措施亟待加强。

Objective：To analyze current situation of human immunodeficiency virus（HIV）-infected injecting drug users after 10 years of the implementation of methadone maintenance treatment（MMT）. Methods： Data of HIV-infected cases and patients who received MMT were downloaded from HIV/AIDS reporting system to analyze current situation of MMT for HIV-infected cases. Results： A total of 430 HIV infected cases reported by medical establishments in Jiangsu had never got service from MMT clinics. One hundred and ninety HIV infected cases had been accepted by MMT clinics, and 31.58% of them persisted by 2015. Compared with those outside MMT clinics, HIV infected cases in MMT were older（P〈0.001）, with longer HIV antibody positive status（P〈0.001）, higher proportion of Han ethnicity（P〈0.001）, and higher education level（P〈0.001）. Conclusion： Outpatient coverage of MMT should be enlarged, so that more HIV-infected drug users could get convenient service. Comprehensive intervention measures are recommended to improve the service quality of MMT clinics.