天津地区大气细颗粒物暴露对SD雄鼠生殖能力的损害

Damage to the fertility of male SD rats after exposure to atmospheric fine particulate matter in Tianjin

【目的】探讨大气细颗粒物PM2.5暴露对SD雄性大鼠生殖能力的影响。【方法】采用气管滴注法,用生理盐水、低、中、高剂量PM2.5混悬液给SD雄鼠染毒,用苯并[a]芘(Ba P)灌胃作为阳性对照。雄鼠连续染毒54 d与雌鼠合笼,观察雌鼠受孕及妊娠情况;雄鼠继续染毒至60 d处死,取附睾查精子数量和畸形率,HE染色观察睾丸组织学改变,酶联免疫法检测血清睾酮、黄体生成素、卵泡刺激素的水平,彗星实验观察生精细胞DNA的损伤情况。【结果】与生理盐水组相比,中、高剂量PM2.5组和Ba P组雄鼠使雌鼠受孕率下降,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);中、高剂量PM2.5组和Ba P组雄鼠的精子数量减少、畸形率升高;各染毒组雄鼠睾丸组织结构出现损伤;中、高剂量PM2.5组和Ba P组雄鼠血清睾酮浓度下降,高剂量PM2.5组和Ba P组雄鼠的血清卵泡刺激素和黄体生成素浓度升高;各染毒组雄鼠生精细胞DNA损伤增加。【结论】暴露于大气细颗粒物对SD雄性大鼠生殖能力具有一定的损伤。

【Objective】To explore the influence on the fertility of male SD rats after exposure to atmospheric fine particulate matter（PM2.5）.【Methods】Male SD rats were respectively given normal saline, low, medium and high doses of PM2.5 by trachea instillation as well as Ba P by intragastric administration（as positive control）. After 54 d, the male SD rats were caged with female rats. The conception and pregnancy of female rats were observed. The male SD rats were exposed to saline and the toxicants for 60 d. Their sperm count and malformation rate were tested. Histological changes of testis were observed by means of HE staining. The serum levels of testosterone, luteinizing hormone（LH） and follicule-stimulating hormone（FSH） were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA）. The DNA damage of spermatogenic cells was observed by comet assay.【Results】Contrasted with the saline group, the conception rate of female rats in the medium-dose of PM2.5, high-dose of PM2.5 and Ba P groups decreased, but there was no statistical significance（P〉0.05）; the sperm count significantly decreased in the medium-dose of PM2.5, high-dose of PM2.5 and Ba P groups while the sperm malformation rate significantly increased in these groups; the testicular tissues of male rats were damaged in all PM2.5groups and Ba P group; the serum level of testosterone decreased in the groups of medium-dose of PM2.5, high-dose of PM2.5 and Ba P;the levels of LH and FSH increased in high-dose of PM2.5 group and Ba P group; the DNA damage of spermatogenic cells increased in all PM2.5 groups and Ba P group.【Conclusion】The fertility of male SD rats can be damaged after exposure to atmospheric fine particulate matter.