滇北乌头块根中二萜生物碱成分研究

Diterpenoid Alkaloids in the Roots of Aconitum Iochanicum

目的:对毛茛科乌头属植物滇北乌头的块根进行化学成分研究。方法:滇北乌头的干燥块根粉碎后用甲醇渗漉提取,回收溶剂所得浸膏用1.5%HCl溶解,乙酸乙酯萃取,酸水溶液用5% NaOH调至pH为9,乙酸乙酯萃取,得总生物碱粗提物。粗提物用各种柱色谱进行分离纯化,经光谱数据(~1H-NMR,^(13)C-NMR,MS)进行结构鉴定。结果:分离鉴定18个二萜生物碱,分别为:14-O-acetylsachaconitine(1),franchetine(2),crassicaudine(3),indaconoitine(4),14-benzoyl chasmanine(5),14-Oacetyltalatisamine(6),talatisamine(7),chasmannine(8),crassicauline A(9),bikhaconine(10),13,15-dideoxyaconitine(11),crassicautine(12),kongboensine(13),liljestrandisine(14),ludaconitine(15),8-deacetyl-yunaconitine(16),yunaconitine(17),ouvrardiantine(18)。结论:首次对滇北乌头进行化学成分研究,共分离鉴定18个二萜生物碱。

Objective： To study the chemical constituents in the roots of Aconitum iochanicum Ulbr. Methods： The air-dried roots of A. iochanicum were powdered and extracted by methanol with a percolation method. After removing the solvent under reduced pressure, the crude extract was dissolved in 1.5% HCl solution, and then extracted by ecetic ether. The acidic solution was basified to pH 9.0 by NaOH （5%） and extracted with ethyl acetate to obtain crude alkaloidal extract after the removal of ethyl acetate. The com- pounds were isolated and purified by column chromatography and identified based on spectral analysis （^1H-NMR, ^13C-NMR and MS）. Results： Totally 18 compounds were isolated from A. iochanicum and characterized as 14-O-acetylsachaconitine （1）, franchetine （2） , crassicaudine （ 3 ） , indaconoitine （ 4 ） , 14-benzoyl chasmanine （ 5 ） , 14-O-acetyhalatisamine （6） , talatisamine （ 7 ） , chasmannine （8）, crassicauline A （9）, bikhaconine （10）, 13,15-dideoxyaconitine （11）, crassicautine （12）, kongboensine （13）, liljes- trandisine （ 14）, ludaconitine （ 15 ）, 8-deacetyl-yunaconitine （ 16）, yunaconitine （17） and ouvrardiantine （ 18 ）. Conclusion： It＇ s the first time to study the chemical constituents of A. iochanicum, and 18 diterpenoid alkaloids are isolated.