短期限制饮食对糖尿病患者脂肪分泌激素与胃肠激素的影响

Efficacy of short-term restricted diet on fat secreting hormones and gastrointestinal hormones in patients with diabetes mellitus

目的 探讨短期限制饮食对糖尿病患者脂肪分泌激素与胃肠激素的影响.方法 选取2015年2月至2016年1月糖尿病患者72例,对其进行短期限制饮食,比较限制饮食前后患者一般代谢指标、糖代谢指标及脂肪分泌激素、胃肠激素变化.结果 限制饮食后,糖尿病患者的体质量、体质量指数、腰围、脂肪含量及脂肪百分比低于限制饮食前,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.限制饮食后,糖尿病患者空腹血糖、空腹胰岛素、糖化血红蛋白及HOMA-IR水平低于限制饮食前,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.限制饮食后,糖尿病患者的瘦素[（7.4±2.4）μg/L]、抵抗素[（14.8±5.3）μg/L]、胰岛淀粉样多肽[（19.2±8.2）pg/ml]低于限制饮食前,胃促生长素[（20.6±6.7）pg/ml]高于限制饮食前,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论 短期限制饮食能够明显改善糖尿病患者的糖代谢,降低脂肪含量,促进胃促生长素分泌.

Objective To investigate the efficacy of short-term restricted diet on fat secreting hormones and gastrointestinal hormones in patients with diabetes mellitus.Methods A total of 72 patients with diabetes mellitus were selected from February 2015 to January 2016, and were treated by short-term restricted diet. The changes of general metabolic index, glycometabolism index, fat secreting hormone and gastrointestinal hormone were compared before and after the restricted diet.Results After the restricted diet, weight, BMI, waist circumference, fat content and body fat percentage were lower than those before the restricted diet; the levels of fasting glucose, fasting insulin, glycosylated hemoglobin and HOMA-IR were lower, the differences were significant（P〈0.05）. After the restricted diet, and leptin [（7.4±2.4）μg/L], resistin [（14.8±5.3）μg/L], and islet amyloid polypeptide [（19.2±8.2） pg/ml] were lower than those before the restricted diet, ghrelin [（20.6±6.7） pg/ml], was higher than that before the restricted diet, the differences were significant（P〈0.05）.Conclusions The short-term restricted diet can improve the glycometabolism in diabetic patients, the fat content is reduce, ghrelin secretion is promoted.