某军校新兵入伍训练阶段军事训练伤发生特征及影响因素分析

Features and Influencing Factors of Military Training Injuries among Recruits

目的探讨某军校新兵入伍训练阶段军事训练伤的发生情况并分析训练伤发生的影响因素。方法通过随机整群抽样方法对某军校2012年9月入伍的陆军参训新兵6个训练营中抽取1200名新兵作为本研究的研究对象,并探讨入伍新兵训练阶段军事训练伤的发生情况及分析训练伤发生的影响因素。结果新兵集训期间伤害发生率为9.17%,其中训练伤发生率为7.50%,占总伤害中的81.82%,非训练伤发生率为1.67%,占总伤害18.18%。受伤时间分别在第7周和第10周达到高峰,伤害类型以扭伤/擦伤/拉伤为主(64.55%),受伤的部位主要在双下肢(61.82%),发生的训练伤主要是体能训练引起(66.67%)。训练伤影响因素单因素结果示:户籍为城市的新兵训练伤受伤率(9.87%)明显高于农村新兵(6.42%)(P<0.05),不同性别、民族、独生子女情况、家庭经济条件、体重计数训练伤伤害发生率比较无明显差异(P>0.05),受伤组的自觉训练量明显高于非受伤组(P<0.05),且受伤组的训练内容掌握程度、训练前热身准备程度、训练衣服及鞋子舒适度评分均少于非受伤组(P<0.05)。多因素结果示:户籍属于城市及自觉训练量大是影响训练伤的独立危险因素。结论该军校新兵入伍训练阶段训练伤的发生率为7.50%,高于非训练伤,且户籍为城市的新兵及自觉训练量大的新兵应该作为避免发生训练伤的重点。

Objective To investigate the characteristics and causes of injuries to recruits during military training. Meth- ods A total of 1200 recruits enlisted in September 2012 and from six training camps in a military academy were selected. The characteristics and causes of injuries to recruits during training were analyzed. Results The injury rate of recruits during training was 9. 17% , and the rate of training injuries was 7.50%, accounting for 81.82% of the total injuries, while the rate of non-train- ing injuries was 1.67% ,accounting for 18.18% of the total injuries. The incidence of Injuries reached the peak in the seventh and tenth week. Injury types were mostly sprain/scratch/drags （64. 55% ） , mainly involving lower limbs （61.82%）. Injuries caused by physical training accounted for 66. 67%. The injury rate of recruits from urban areas （9. 87% ） was obviously higher than that from rural areas （6.42%） （P〈0. 05 ）. The rate of injury was hardly associated with gender, race, the number of siblings in a family, or financial status of the family （ P〉0. 05 ）. The injury group engaged in a larger amount of spontaneous training than in the non-injury group （P〈0. 05）. The non-injury group had a better understanding of the training tasks, spent more time on warm up, and was equipped with more comfortable outfits than the injury group （P〈0. 05）. Multi-factor analysis showed that the larger amount of spontaneous training on the part of recruits from big cities was an independent risk factor that influenced training injury. Conclusion The rate of injury of recruits during training is 7.50%, higher than that of non-training injury. Urban recruits and large amounts of spontaneous training deserve more attention.