老年慢性疼痛患者自我效能与自我护理能力的相关性研究

Correlations between Self-efficacy and Self-care Competence of Elderly Patients with Chronic Pain

目的了解老年慢性疼痛患者自我效能与自我护理能力的现状,并探讨二者之间的关系。方法于2015年2-12月,应用便利抽样方法,采用一般情况调查表、自我护理能力量表、简式Mc Gill疼痛问卷和自我效能量表对辽宁省锦州市凌河区、古塔区、太和区的老年慢性疼痛患者进行问卷调查,并对调查结果进行分析。结果调查结果显示,被调查的640例老年慢性疼痛患者中,夫妇慢性疼痛患者352人(55.0%),独居慢性疼痛患者288人(45.0%),独居慢性疼痛患者和夫妇慢性疼痛患者的一般资料差异无统计学差异(P>0.05)。老年慢性疼痛患者的自我护理能力总分为(95.6±13.1)分,自我效能总分为(5.2±0.5)分;独居慢性疼痛患者自我护理能力(89.8±10.8)和自我效能得分(4.5±0.8)显著低于夫妇慢性疼痛患者的自我护理能力(97.7±12.5)和自我效能得分(5.6±0.6)分(P<0.05)。自我效能与自我护理能力呈正向相关关系(r=0.326,P<0.01)。结论老年慢性疼痛患者自我效能与自我护理能力之间密切相关,应实施社区护理干预措施以提高自我效能,从而改善自我护理能力,提高患者的生活质量。

Objective To determine the current self-efficacy and self-care competence of elderly patients with chronic pain, and analyze their correlations. Methods The convenience sampling method, general questionnaires, self-care Ability Scale, Short-form McGill Pain Questionnaire and Self-efficacy Scale were used between February and December 2015 among elderly patients of chronic pain in three districts of Jinzhou. The findings were analyzed. Results Survey results showed that a total of 640 cases of elderly patients with chronic pain were surveyed, 352 of whom were couples and the rest were living alone. There was no statistically significant difference （ P〉0.05 ） in the data on these two types of patients. The total score of self-care of these elderly patients with chronic pain was （95.6±13.1 ） points, and that of self-efficacy was （5.2 ± 0.5 ）. The total score of self-care of patients who lived alone was （89.8±10.8）and their score of self-efficacy was（4.5±0.8） , compared to （97.7±12.5 ）and（5.6± 0.6） among the couples, and the difference was statistically significant （P〈0.05）. Self-efficacy and self-care had significant positive correlations （r = 0. 326,P〈0.01 ）. Conclusion The self-care ability of elderly patients with chronic pain is closely relat- ed to their self-efficacy, so community care interventions should be implemented in order to improve self-efficacy of the elderly, thereby improving their self-care and quality of life.