试论“关怀自身”及其实现的德性要求

On the “Self-care” and the Virtuous Requirement of Its Realization

人作为超自然的有意识的能动存在,其自身生命之善的形成,必定有赖于个体通过把自身作为对象,综合地培育和提升自身生命价值的"关怀自身"的修身实践才能最终达至。这一实践的本质在于"社会性自我对自身生命价值的培育与提升",具有深刻的社会性和超越私性的价值关怀,因而区别于"利己主义";它以生产实践为基础并通过对生产与交往主体的素质、境界和技艺的深刻影响反作用于生产与交往实践。"关怀自身"的修身实践主要特质在于反身自导性、价值提升性、有机整体性、形态多样性,其内含的三个基本环节是认识自身、超出自身、训练自身。成功地实施"关怀自身"的修身实践必须讲求"自重""中道""诚实""勇气"四项德性,这些德性能促进"关怀自身"的"价值取向""行动方法""本真状态""困难克服"等核心内容的有效达成。合理的"关怀自身"的修身实践,推动人们在集体进步与个人创新、社会昌盛与自身美好的历史的具体的统一中追求自我的发展和提高。

Human beings are supra-natural self-conscious agents. The realization of the good of one's own life requires the integral cultivation and enhancement of the practice of 'Self-care'for the purpose of improving life values via the individual taking the self as the object. The essence of such practice lies in 'the social self cultivating and enhancing his own life value',which bears the deep concern for the social and supra-private values,whereby making the practice different from 'egoism '. Such practice reacts to human productive and interactive practice based on the practice of productive activities and via its fundamental impact on the qualities,state and techniques of the productive and interactive subjects involved. The practice of 'Self-care'is basically featured with the responsive self-orientation,value-enhancing,integral unity and form diversity. The three steps within contain knowing the self,going beyond the self and training the self. The successful Self-care practice requires such virtues as 'self-respect','the Golden mean','honesty'and 'courage'. Such virtues will be able to facilitate the achievement of'value-orientation','action method','authenticity'and'overcoming difficulties'concerning'self-care'. Appropriate self moral enhancement practice of 'self-care'will contribute to the human self-enhancement through the integral and historical unity of the collective progress and the individual innovation,of social flourishing and individual self-improvement.