家庭农场:居村农民转变身份的依托——基于安徽庐江县的考察

Family Farms:a Base for the Change of Farmers' Identity——Based on the Investigation of Lujiang County,Anhui Province

城镇化尤其是新型城镇化快速发展,促使越来越多的农民流向城镇,农业生产出现严重的兼业化、副业化以及主要由老人承担的老人化现象。籍于此,一些居村农民包括回乡农民工纷纷流转农户承包地,创办家庭农场。家庭农场兴起与发展,将终结传统农业、减少小农,并促使居村农民向职业化农民、市民化农民转变,使其成为"体面"的职业者。从当前农业生产方式变革看,居村农民正依托家庭农场发展逐渐转变身份。家庭农场取代分散农户、居村农民实现身份转变都需要一个过程,其间,除了要尊重农民意愿、给予自主经营权、支持家庭农场做大做强外,还要为家庭农场发展和农民转变身份提供基本公共服务。

Urbanization, especially the new type of rapid development of urbanization, prompts more and more farmers to flow into cities and towns. Thus, some severe phenomena, including multiple job-hold- ing production, sideline production and production mainly undertaken by old men, appeared in agricultural production. Therefore, some living-in-village farmers, including migrant workers flowing back home, trans- fer farmers＇ contracted land to establish family farms. The rise and development of family farms will put an end to the traditional agriculture, reduce small farmers, and change living-in-village farmers into profession- al farmers or city citizens with ＂decent＂ jobs. From the perspective of current reform in mode of agricultural production, living-in-village famers are changing their status by relying on family farmers. Surely, there will be a process for either family farms to replace decentralized farming households or for living-in-village farm- ers to change their status. During this period, we must respect farmers＂ will, give them the autonomy to man- age their own business, support them to manage their family farms better as well as provide basic public ser- vices for family farms and farmers＇ status change.