西藏自治区2015年暗娼等7类艾滋病重点人群HIV、梅毒和HCV横断面调查

Epidemiological survey of prevalence of HIV infection, syphilis and hepatitis C in female sex workers and other 6 risk populations in Tibet Autonomous Region

目的了解2015年西藏自治区暗娼等7类艾滋病重点人群HIV、梅毒和HCV的流行现状及其相关行为因素。方法2015年6—12月对西藏自治区的拉萨市、昌都市、林芝市、日喀则市、山南市、阿里地区、那曲地区共7个市（地区）及25个县（区）的暗娼等7类艾滋病重点人群开展横断面调查。样本量分别为暗娼人群2000人、MSM人群200人、注射吸毒者200人、男性流动人群1200人、青年学生5600人、医院就诊人群为2015年6—12月在综合医院就诊者、孕产妇为2015年6—12月在综合医院和妇幼保健机构首次接受孕期和围产期检查的门诊或住院孕产妇。收集人口学和行为学信息，进行HIV、梅毒和HCV血清学检测。计数资料采用率或构成比进行统计描述。结果7类艾滋病重点人群共调查20597人。暗娼人群HIV和梅毒抗体阳性率分别为0．05％（I／2133）和5．81％（124／2133）；MSM的HIV和梅毒抗体阳性率均为9．80％（10／102）；吸毒人群、男性流动人群及青年学生中未检出HIV抗体阳性，梅毒阳性率分别为4．00％（4／100）、0．33％（4／1297）和0．08％（4／5095）；医院就诊人群HIV和梅毒抗体阳性率分别为0．04％（2／5565）和1．64％（91／5565）；孕产妇中HIV和梅毒抗体阳性率分别为0．11％（7／6305）和1．19％（75／6305）。HCV抗体阳性率，吸毒人群为1．00％（1／100），其他6类人群均低于0．50％。各类人群坚持使用安全套率均较低。结论西藏自治区的HIV感染主要集中在MSM人群，梅毒感染主要集中在MSM人群和暗娼人群中，HCV感染主要集中在吸毒人群中，各人群对艾滋病和性病防治知识的知晓率、接受干预服务比例均低。

Objective To understand the prevalence of HIV infection, syphilis and hepatitis C and related behavioral factors in female sex workers （FSWs） and other 6 risk populations in Tibet Autonomous Region. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 2 000 FSWs, 200 men who have sex with men （MSM）, 200 drug users, 1 200 male migrants, 5 600 young students, as well as hospital patients and pregnant women in Lhasa, Qamdo, Nyingchi, Xigaze Shannan, All and Nagqum from June to December 2015. Face to face interviews were conducted to collect their demographic and behavioral information, and blood samples were collected for the tests of HIV, syphilis and hepatitis C virus （HCV） antibodies. The enumeration data were described by using rate and constituent. Results A total of 20 597 participants were involved in cross-sectional survey. The positive rates of HIV and syphilis antibodies were 5.81%（124/2 133） and 0.05% （1/2 133） respectively among FSWs. The positive rates of HIV and syphilis antibodies were the same （9.80%,10/102） among MSM. There were no HIV infection detected in among drug users, male migrants and young students, but the positive rates of syphilis antibody were 4.00%（4/100）, 0.33%（4/1 297） and 0.08%（4/5 095） respectively. The positive rates of HIV and syphilis antibodies were 0.04%（2/5 565） and 1.64%（91/5 565） among hospital patients. The positive rates of HIV and syphilis antibodies were 0.11%（7/6 305） and 1.19%（75/6 305）among pregnant women. The positive rates of HCV antibody were 1.00% （1/100） among drug users and less than 0.50% in other risk populations. The overall consistent condom use rate was low. Conclusions In Tibet, HIV infection mainly occurred in the MSM, syphilis mainly occurred in FSWs and MSM, HCV infection mainly occurred in drug users. The AIDS related knowledge awareness rate was low in these risk populations, and less of them received intervention service.