论科恩的共享原则:提问与阐发

On the Principle of Community of Cohen:Questioning and Expounding

科恩所提出和论证的共享原则,实际上存在着一些并未言明的重要方面。对于共享原则何以是社会主义的一个重要原则,本文主要是从理论证明和现实求证的角度进行论证,并指出了科恩对于当今的社会主义现实不够敏感。对于共享原则与激进的平等原则之间的关系问题,本文认为是基础原则与调节原则、高级原则与初级原则的关系,两者的实施是相互依存、协同互动的过程,由此才能形成完整的社会主义社会。对于共享原则与市场原则相对立的观点是否能够成立和能否把二者正确结合起来的问题,认为这两者的实施过程的确会引发对立,但这是经济生活的根本层次和具体层次之间的不同价值取向的对立,同时,人们也能够在共享原则的要求下,建立起实施这两个原则的合理方式。最后,指出共享原则与我国目前所提出的共享的发展理念,在本质上具有共通性,都属于社会主义的应有之义。

When Cohen proposed and demonstrated the principle of community, there were factually some important aspects that he did not say. This paper will put forward the questions toward these aspects, and gives them a clear elucidation and answer. For the question that why the principle of community is one important principle of socialism, the paper proves it mainly from theoretical proof and practical verification, and indicate that Cohen is not sensitive enough toward today＇s socialist reality. For the question of the rela- tionship between the principles of community and radical equality, their relation is that of basic, advanced principle and primary, regulating principle, and the implementation of them is interdependent, interactive process, and only by this way can a complete socialist society be formed. For the question that whether the view of the community principle being opposed to the market principle can be tenable, and whether the two principles can be correctly combined, this article suggests that the practical process of them will indeed trig- ger certain opposition, but the opposition is one of different value orientations between the fundamental level and the specific level of economic life, and at the same time, under the requirements of the community prin- ciple, people can also establish a reasonable way to implement the two principles. Finally, the paper points out that the principle of community and the sharing idea of development which our country is carrying out, are common in essence, and, both of them belongs to the proper meaning of socialism.