基于声源识别及声场模拟的工厂通风系统降噪研究

Noise reduction methodology of factory ventilation system based on the noise source identification and sound field simulation

工厂厂房为了实现进气、排气及集尘的目的,需布设通风系统。由于其分布范围广泛,使得通风系统的噪声成为工厂厂房室内噪声中除机电设备之外的另一主要噪声源,对厂房内员工的作业声环境造成很大的冲击。通风系统的噪声源主要来自风管的固定支架振动、风管进排气噪声、管道壁振动以及管道噪声通过管壁的透射。文章建立了一套针对工厂通风系统噪声的声源与声场测量、频谱分析、诊断排序与降噪模拟评估技术,利用声场模拟,给出三种降噪方案。应用此技术对工厂噪声进行治理,可大大提高业主选择降噪方案的信心及成效预期心理。

In factory plants, the ventilation systems must be installed for the purpose of air intake, exhaust and dust collection. Owing to its wide range of distribution, the ventilation noise become another main indoor noise source other than the electro-mechanical equipment, and which have a great impact on the operation acoustic environment of the workers in a factory. The source mechanism of the ventilation noise is mainly from the vibration of the hangers of the ventilation duct, the flow noise generated at the inlet and outlet of the duct, the vibroacoustic noise generated at the duct wall, and the transmission noise of the duct flow noise in the duct. This article established a set of techniques used for the measurement of sound source and sound field, the spectral analysis, noise diagnosis and ranking, and the noise reduction simulation of ventilation noise in factories. As an application example, three proposals of noise reduction configuration for the ventilation system in a factory are provided, simulated and compared. Such kind methodology can greatly raise the confidence of the decision maker for the selection of noise reduction plan and the expectability of noise reduction effects.