论孙中山的国际秩序观

On Sun Yat-sen's View of International Order

孙中山在创立三民主义、进行革命实践的同时,逐渐形成了蕴涵着浓重的中国传统伦理观念的国际秩序观。他从最初的黄白或欧亚之争,进而将世界分为"压迫"和"被压迫"以及"帝国主义"和"反帝国主义"两大阵营,提出了公理强权的国际分野。从对欧美国家强权政治的批判中,孙中山挖掘中国传统伦理观念中的积极因素,明确提出"王道"正义的国际规则,顺应了世界的发展趋向。他以中国为重心思考国际秩序问题,重视和强调中国在国际上的地位,从汉民族国家的主张发展为中华民族国家构想,认为这是维护世界和平的根本需要,中国强盛后"要对于世界负一个大责任"。他又阐发中国古代的大同思想,并吸收近代文明,构筑了人类社会美好的国际愿景,认为天下大同是人类进化的历史必然,只有争取国家、民族的独立平等才能实行这一理想。孙中山的国际秩序观立足中国,放眼世界,旨在解决人类社会的长治久安,有着重要的思想价值和实践意义。

Sun Yat-sen gradually formed a view of international order which implicated thick Chinese traditional ethical idea. He divided the world into two camps known as'imperialism'and'anti-imperialism',and put forward the international dividing line of right and might. By laying emphasis on China,he attached importance to Chinese international status,conceived of a country of Chinese ethnic peoples instead of Han nationality,which he thought the radical needs of maintaining the world peace. Also,he elucidated the ancient Thought of Great Harmony of China,regarded the Thought as the history necessity. Only strive for the national independence can the ideality be realized. Base upon the Chinese,and taking the whole world in view,Sun Yat-sen's view of international order,aiming at solving the long-term peace and order of human society,possesses the important ideological value as well as practical significance.