《蒙古秘史》的版本、内容及其成书年代研究

On Different Editions,Content and Composition Time of the Secret History of the Mongols

本文首先介绍了《蒙古秘史》古今中外的各种版本,评论了它们的优劣;接着提出主要的观点,认为根据写作形式和记叙内容的不同,必须将《蒙古秘史》分割为两部分:前面的第1节至268节,用文学形式记述成吉思汗的一生,是真正的、原始的《蒙古秘史》,用中外历史资料,考证其成书于鼠儿年大聚会,即大蒙古国举行第一次"忽里勒答"会议的公元1228年;后面的第269至281节,用写史的形式记叙窝阔台继位为合汗后的历史,应当定名为《窝阔台合汗事迹》,其作者为镇海,写成于公元1241年窝阔台逝世前不久。

In this paper Ⅰ introduced in the beginning the different editions of The Secret History of the Mongols produced in ancient and present day and commented their advantages and shortcomings,and then put forward my proposal that The Secret History of the Mongols must to be divided into two parts according to the writing style and content,the first part,including No.1-268,being dedicated to the life of Chingis Khan,is the true,primitive historical source,which can be examined by domestic and foreign materials to be composed in the Rat year after the Grand Assemble,i.e.The Khurilta in 1228;the second one,including NO.269-281,being dedicated to Oketai Khan,the successor to Chingis Khan,composed by Jinkhai in 1241 short before the death of Oketai Khan,so it can be entitled to be the History of Oketai Khan.