基于文献分析中兽药治疗鸡球虫病的用药规律

The medication rule of traditional Chinese medicine for treatment of coccidiosis in chicken based on the literature review

通过对中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI)、万方数据库(WANFANG)和重庆维普全文数据库(VIP)等从1980年1月至2016年7月国内期刊发表的使用中兽药治疗鸡球虫病的文献进行检索和筛选,对鸡球虫病的模型制备、处方中药的功效、性味归经等进行统计,建立中兽药防治鸡球虫病的中药处方数据库,对我国中兽药防治鸡球虫病的研究现状进行总结与分析,探讨中药治疗鸡球虫病的常用药物及其配伍规律。经检索后共纳入文献115篇,涉及方剂142首,药物103味,累计732药次。142首处方中频数≥3的药物有46味,青蒿、常山、地榆、苦参、白头翁等使用频率较高。按照药物功效进行分类,可分为19大类,前3类分别为清热燥湿、止血、清热解毒。对药物的性味归经频数进行统计分析,药性排名前4的分别为寒、温、平及微寒;药味排名前4的分别为苦、甘、辛及酸;归经排名前5的分别为肝、胃、肺、脾和大肠。同时分析了当前试验中的不足之处,为下一步的药物处方筛选提供可供参考的用药组方思路。

To analyze the pharmaceutic rule and commonly used traditional Chinese veterinary medicine（ TCVM） in chicken coccidiosis,we used the CNKI,WANFANG and VIP database as the retrieval database to search the literature related to preventing and treating coccidiosis with TCVM from 1980 to 2016. The preparation of animal model,the properties and taste,channel tropism and pharmacological effects were used for statistical analysis. By retrieving and selecting,a total of 142 formulae and 103 medicines were included,among which frequency of 46 medicines exceed 3 times,such as Artemisia apiacea,Antifebrile dichroa,Sanguisorba officinalis,Sophorae flavescentis and Pulsatilla patens. According to the pharmacological effects,the medicines can be divided into nineteen categories,including clearing heat and drying dampness,hemostasis and clearing away heat and toxic materials. The frequency of the properites,taste and meridian distribution were statistically analyzed. For the properties,the ranked order is cold,temperature,moderation and slightly cold. For the taste,the ranked order is bitter,sweet,pungent and sour. For the channel tropism,the ranked order is liver,stomach,lung,spleen and large intestine. Meanwhile,this paper analyzes the advantage and disadvantage of the existing research and provides new insight into the formulation screening.