天津市某稀土永磁材料企业职业病危害现状

Current situation of occupational disease hazards in a rare earth permanent magnet material enterprise in Tianjin

目的了解天津市某稀土永磁材料企业作业场所职业病危害因素种类、工人接触职业病危害水平,评价该企业职业病危害现状。方法采用职业卫生调查法、现场检测检验法、检查表分析法等进行综合分析。结果该项目的总体布局、生产设备布局、职业病危害防护设施等基本符合职业卫生的要求;现场检测各种粉尘、毒物、噪声及高温浓度(强度)均符合国家标准。稀土、铝合金粉尘超限倍数>1的为熔炼炉和气流磨工位,气流磨工超限倍数最高为1.4。噪声>80 dB(A)的为成型机、气流磨、电镀工、切片工、研磨工,研磨工噪声值最高为84.7 dB(A)。结论该企业粉尘、噪声为主要职业病危害因素。稀土、铝合金粉尘的主要控制点位为熔炼炉和气流磨工位;噪声的主要控制点位为成型机、气流磨、电镀工、切片工、研磨工。

[Objective]To understand the type of occupational hazard factors in workplace of a rare earth permanent magnetic material enterprise in Tianjin,analyze the level of workers exposed to occupational hazards and evaluate the status of occupational hazards in this enterprise.[Methods] The occupation health survey,field detection and checklist method were applied in comprehensive analysis. [Results]The general layout,layout of production equipment and protection facilities for occupational hazards of this project basically met the requirements of occupation health. The concentration/intensity of dust,toxicants,noise and high temperature were in line with national standards. The excursion limits of rare earth dust and aluminum alloy dust in melting furnace position and airflow mill position were greater than 1,and the excursion limit in airflow mill position was the highest（1.4）. The intensity of noise in positions of molding machine,airflow mill,electroplating,cutting and grinding was greater than 80 dB（A）,and the noise intensity in grinding position was the highest,which reached 84.7 dB（A）.[Conclusion]The dust and noise are the main occupational hazard factors in this enterprise. The main control points of rare earth dust and aluminum alloy dust are melting furnace position and airflow mill position,and the main control points of noise are the positions of molding machine,airflow mill,electroplating,cutting and grinding.