2013—2016年广宁县按蚊种群数量和媒介密度监测结果

Monitoring results of population size and density of Anopheles mosquito in Guangning County from 2013-2016

目的了解肇庆广宁县传疟媒介按蚊种群数量和媒介密度情况,为消除疟疾及消除后继续巩固成果提供科学依据。方法 2013—2016年在广宁县选择1个自然村,采用室外半通宵人帐诱捕法和室内、外灯诱法捕获按蚊,对捕获的按蚊进行形态学鉴定。结果 2013—2016年,人帐诱捕法和灯诱法两种方法在监测点共捕获按蚊6种1 226只,其中捕获微小按蚊639只,占52.12%;其次为中华按蚊532只,占43.39%;按蚊捕获数量最多的月份为5、6月,分别占26.75%、24.72%,最低7月占7.26%。人帐诱捕法捕获的按蚊中以微小按蚊为优势种,占51.35%,平均密度为0.46只/(人·h),其次为中华按蚊,占43.82%;按蚊捕获平均密度最高为2014年1.16只/(人·h);按蚊活跃最高峰时间段为20∶00~21∶00,0∶00~1∶00最低。室内灯诱法按蚊捕获平均密度最高2013年3.08只/灯夜;室外灯诱法按蚊捕获平均密度最高2016年4.00只/灯夜。结论广宁县以微小按蚊为优势按蚊种,中华按蚊次之,传疟媒介以微小按蚊为主,传疟媒介仍存在,因此仍要继续加强疟疾监测与管理,及时发现患者并有效处置,巩固消除疟疾项目成果。

[Objective]To understand the population size and density of Anopheles mosquito in Guangning County,provide scientific evidence for the elimination of malaria and the continued consolidation of the achievements. [Methods]One natural village was selected in Guangning County from 2013-2016. The methods of semi-overnight outdoor human-bait trapping,as well as overnight indoor and outdoor light trapping were used to capture Anopheles mosquito. All Anopheles mosquitoes were identified based on morphological characteristics. [Results]From 2013-2016,totally 1 226 Anopheles mosquito of 6 species were captured by the methods of human-bait trapping and light trapping,including 639 Anopheles minimus and 532 Anopheles sinensis,which accounted for 52.12% and 43.39% respectively.The proportions of the mosquitoes were captured were largest in May and June,which accounted for 26.75% and 24.72% respectively,and the proportion was the lowest in July（7.26%）. Among mosquitoes were captured by human-bait trapping method,the Anopheles minimus was the dominant species,accounting for 51.35%,and the average density was 0.46 individual per man-hour,followed by the Anopheles sinensis,accounting for 43.82%. The highest average density of captured Anopheles mosquitoes occurred in 2014（1.16 individual per man-hour）. The Anopheles mosquitoes were most active from 20 ∶ 00 to 21 ∶ 00,and not active from 0 ∶ 00 to 1 ∶ 00. The highest average density of Anopheles mosquitoes were captured by indoor light trapping method was 3.08 individuals per light-night in 2013,and that by outdoor light trapping method was 4.00 individuals per light-night in 2016. [Conclusion] The Anopheles minimus is the dominant species of Anopheles mosquito in Guangning County,followed by the Anopheles sinensis,and the Anopheles minimus is the main malaria vector. Due to there still exists the malaria vector,it is necessary to continue to strengthen malaria surveillance and management,find out and treat the malaria cases in time,to consolidate the achievements of malaria elimination project.