上海市三林社区老年人群骨质疏松现况及其影响因素

Cross-sectional study on osteoporosis and analysis on influencing factors among elderly people in Sanlin Community of Shanghai

目的了解上海市三林社区老年人群骨质疏松发生现况及其可能的影响因素,为社区骨质疏松防治提供参考意见。方法对上海市三林社区6 540名65岁及以上已签约建立健康档案的老年人进行问卷调查,采用SPSS 23.0进行现况描述和影响因素分析。结果共调查了5 855名社区老年人,老年人参加率为89.53%。结果显示,社区65岁及以上老年人骨质疏松发生率为30.40%。不同性别、不同年龄组的老年人骨质疏松发生率差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.001)。多因素有序logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄、身高、尿酸和糖化血红蛋白是女性65~<70岁老年人骨质疏松的影响因素,年龄、身高和血尿素氮是女性70~<80岁老年人骨质疏松的影响因素,身高和饮食习惯是女性80~96岁老年人骨质疏松的影响因素;男性65~<70岁年龄组的老年人骨质疏松影响因素有年龄、饮食习惯和吸烟;男性70~<80岁年龄组的老年人骨质疏松影响因素有身高和血同型半胱氨酸,男性80~96岁年龄组的老年人骨质疏松影响因素则是尿酸。结论当前社区65岁及以上老年人骨质疏松发生情况较为严重。骨质疏松与年龄、性别、糖化血红蛋白、尿酸、饮食习惯、吸烟等因素有关,提示应针对不同年龄段提供针对性健康教育和保健工作,特别是加强女性老年人的健康饮食及对男性老年人的戒烟宣传。

[Objective]To know the current status of osteoporosis among elderly people in Sanlin Community of Shanghai,analyze the influencing factors,and provide the scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in community.[Methods]A questionnaire survey was conducted among 6 540 elderly people over 65 years old in Sanlin Community of Shanghai,who have signed a contract to establish the health record. The status and the influencing factors were analyzed by SPSS 23.0.[Results]Totally5 855 elderly people in this community were investigated with the participation rate of 89.53%. The prevalence rate of osteoporo-sis was 30.40% among elderly people over 65 years old in this community. There were statistically significant differences in preva-lence rate of osteoporosis among different groups in gender and age（P〈0.01）. Multivariate ordinal logistic regression analysis showed that age,height,uric acid and glycosylated hemoglobin were the influencing factors of osteoporosis in women aged 65-70years old,age,height and blood urea nitrogen were the influencing factors in women aged 70-80 years old,height and eating habits were the influencing factors in women aged 80-96 years old,age,eating habits and smoking were the influencing factors in men aged 65-70 years old,height and blood homocysteine were the influencing factors in men aged 70-80 years old,and uric acid was the influencing factor in men aged 80-96 years old. [Conclusion]At present,the prevalence of osteoporosis is high among elderly people over 65 years old in Sanlin Community. Osteoporosis is related to age,gender,glycosylated hemoglobin,uric acid,eating habits,and smoking. It is necessary to provide targeted health education and health care for different age groups,especially to strengthen the publicity about healthy diet among female elderly and smoking cessation among male elderly.