载脂蛋白M与炎症性疾病的研究进展

The developments of apoM and inflammatory diseases

载脂蛋白M(apoM)主要存在于高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)中,属于Lipocalin超蛋白家族,成熟的apoM其N端保留着一个疏水信号肽,可将apoM锚定于HDL-C的单磷脂层。apoM基因位于人的6号染色体主要组织相容性复合物Ⅲ(MHC-Ⅲ)区域,与肿瘤坏死因-α(TNF-α)和淋巴毒素基因非常接近。近年来研究表明,apoM的表达受到多种炎症相关因子的调节,apoM主要与动脉粥样硬化、糖尿病、脓毒症和自身免疫性疾病等炎症性疾病相关。现对其研究进展进行综述。

Apolipoprotein M, which is a member of superfamily of lipoprotein, is mainly bound to high density lipoprotein （HDL） particles. The hydrophobic signal anchor located apoM to the single phospholipid layer of lipoproteins. Human apoM gene is located in the major histocompatibility complex （MHC） class m locus on chromosome 6 located close to the genes of tumor necrosis factor a and lymphotoxins. Recently, the investigation of apoM show a series of inflammatory agents can regulate the level of apoM. Meanwhile, the study indicates that apoM is mainly related to atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus, sepsis and autoimmune disease.