腐植酸三维网络功能材料研究进展

Research Progress on Humic Acid-Based Three-Dimensional Network Functional Materials

腐植酸(HA)是一种含有羧基、酚羟基、羰基等多种活性基团的功能性有机大分子,在现代农业、环保、新材料等诸多领域中应用前景广阔。HA的活性基团可以进行接枝共聚或交联反应,也可与高分子链上的极性基团通过氢键作用形成物理交联,得到具有三维网络结构、络合吸附能力和缓释肥料的功能复合材料。本文在介绍HA化学结构和基本性能的基础上,综述了HA三维网络功能材料制备及其在吸水、保水和对重金属、染料等污染物吸附等多个方面应用研究的最新进展,并对目前存在的问题和未来HA功能材料的研究方向进行了分析和展望。

Humic acid （HA） is a kind of functional organic molecule with active carboxyl, hydroxyl groups, quinonyl and other groups, so that it has been widely applied in many fields such as modem agriculture, environmental protection, and new materials. The active groups of HA could occur graft polymerization or crosslinking reaction, and could also form hydrogen bonds with the functional groups on polymer chains to form three-dimensional network material presenting complexing adsorption activity and fertilizer-release functions. This paper summarizes the research progress on the preparation of HA-based three-dimensional network materials and their applications research in water absorbent, water-retaining agent, and adsorption of heavy metal ions and dyes, on the basis of the introduction to the structure and basic properties of HA. In addition, the existing problems and future research directions of HA-based functional materials are analyzed and forecasted.