普特南语言哲学中的意义理论探究

An Inquiry Into the Theory of Meaning in Hilary Putnam's Philosophy of Language

希拉里·普特南是一位著述颇丰、影响深远的当代美国哲学家。他的意义理论和语义外在论是其早期语言哲学的代表性学说。意义理论是普特南语言哲学的基础,在《"意义"的意义》这篇文章中,普特南提出了著名的"孪生地球"论证。他通过这个认知实验说明了环境因素在决定意义上所起的实质作用。作为意义理论不可或缺的一部分,语义外在论是普特南语言哲学的精髓。普特南通过这一理论阐述了他的语言劳动分工普遍性假说和因果指称理论等观点。

Hilary Putnam, a contemporary American philosopher, has numerous publications and profound influence. His theory of meaning and semantic extemaiism are the representative theories in his philosophy of language. The former is the foundation of Putnam＇s philosophy of language. He put forward the famous ＂Twin Earth＂ argument in the paper The Meaning of ＂Meaning＂. By way of this cognitive experiment, he explained that environment played a substantial role on the determination of meaning. The latter, as an essential part of the theory of meaning, is the essence of Putnam＇s philosophy of language. In this theory, Putnam develops his hypothesis of the universality of the division of linguistic labor and casual theory of reference.