歧义词与非歧义词中英翻译对比研究

Contrastive Study of Chinese and English Translation of Ambiguous Words and Non-ambiguous Words

翻译歧义是跨语言间的一个常见现象，它是指一个词在另一种语言里有多个翻译。为了了解这种现象背后的认知过程，研究者对翻译歧义进行了很多研究。以中英双语儿童为研究对象，探讨汉语和英语之间的翻译歧义现象对他们学习和加工歧义词的影响，从而比较翻译歧义词与翻译非歧义词的学习难易程度。采用翻译识别的实验任务，测试被试者在该任务中对英语单词与汉语翻译之间配对正确与否的反应时间和正确率。结果发现，对中英双语儿童来说，歧义词比非歧义词更难学，这种现象可以用交互激活理论和扇形效应来解释。歧义词与非歧义词中英翻译对比研究是翻译歧义研究领域的一个有益补充，对未来关于翻译歧义的双语加工研究也有一定的借鉴作用。

Translation ambiguity, which occurs when a word in one language has multiple translations into another language, is a common phenomenon cross language. In order to understand the cognitive processes behind such a phenomenon, researchers have conducted a number of studies on the issue of translation ambiguity. The present study aims to explore how Chinese child bilinguals learn and process translation ambiguity across Chinese and English. It attempts to investigate whether translation-am- biguous words have a learning and processing disadvantages over translation-unambiguous words. A translation recognition task was adopted to examine participants＇ reaction times and accuracy on the recognition of English-Chinese translation pairs. The results show that translation-ambiguous words are harder for Chinese-English child bilinguals to learn than translation-unam- biguous words. The Interactive Activation Model and Fan Effect can account for the translation ambiguity difficulty. The present study may shed light on future studies on bilinguals＇ processing of translation ambiguity.