精神科护士和内科护士睡眠状况调查及影响因素分析

A survey on sleep disorder and its influencing factors in psychiatric nurses and internal medicine nurses

目的 :分析精神科护士和内科护士睡眠状况及其影响因素。方法 :采用睡眠状况调查表对国内某2家三级甲等精神专科医院291名精神科护士和某三级甲等综合医院368名内科护士进行调查。结果 :在被调查的659名护士中,至少发生一种睡眠问题的护士有460人,占69.8%。其中精神科护士睡眠问题发生率为68.7%,内科护士为70.7%,不同性别、护龄、有吸烟、饮酒史的护士睡眠状况存在统计学差异(P<0.05);护士就医治疗睡眠问题情况调查发现,只有58人选择就医,占8.8%,86人选择服用药物治疗,占13.1%;精神科护士与内科护士中,不同护龄、有吸烟、饮酒史者在面对睡眠问题选择药物治疗方面有统计学差异(P<0.05)。结论:护士睡眠状况堪忧,男护士、10年以上护龄、有吸烟和饮酒史的护士更容易发生睡眠问题,护士较少就医治疗睡眠问题,护理管理者要根据不同性别、护龄采取有针对性的改善睡眠的措施,降低睡眠问题对护士的影响,提高护理工作质量。

Objective： To explore the sleep disorder and its influencing factors in psychiatric nurses and internal medicine nurses. Methods： A sleep condition questionnaire was completed by 291 psychiatric nurses from two first- class tertiary psychiatric hospitals and 368 internal medicine nurses from one first-class tertiary general hospital. Results： Among the 659 nurses who were investigated, 460 nurses of them reported that they had experienced at least one kind of sleep disorder, accounting for 69.8%. The proportions of whom experienced sleep disorder among psychiatric nurses and internal medicine nurses were 68.7% and 70.7%, respectively. Gender, years in nursing service and reported history of alcohol use were identified to be significantly associated （P〈0.05） with sleep disorder. Only 58 nurses （8.8%） who reported sleep disorder choose to see a doctor for their sleeping problems; while 86 nurses choose to take medication, accounting for 13.1%. Years in nursing service, reported history of smoking and alcohol use were identified to be significantly associated （P〈0.05） with the choice of taking sleep-aid medications. Conclusion： The sleep disorder was a commonly observed problem among nurses. Nurses with male gender, more than 10 years of nursing services and history of alcohol use were more likely to suffer from sleep disorder. There were a very low proportion of nurses who actually sought for medical help for their sleep disorder. Specific prevention and treatment actions should be taken for nurses with different gender and years of nursing service, so as to improve the sleep disorder among nurses and improve the nursing service in the long run.