基层医疗机构转岗护士的人口学特征分析

Study on the relationship between the nurse job transfer and demographic characteristics of nurses in basic medical institutions

目的 :调查并分析基层医疗机构转岗护士的人口学特征,为稳定基层医疗机构护理队伍、合理配置护理人力提供参考。方法 :对重庆市某区的52个基层医疗机构进行问卷调查,并将调查数据与该地区的二级甲等医院和三级甲等医院进行比较。结果 :该地区基层医疗机构护士转岗率为18.3%,高于二级甲等医院(4.3%)和三级甲等医院(3.5%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);基层医疗机构的转岗护士和在岗护士在年龄、学历、后学历、职称、聘用形式、参加培训、培训意愿方面有统计学差异(P<0.05);Logistic回归分析发现,职称(OR=1.854,P=0.010)、聘用形式(OR=7.898,P<0.001)、参加培训(OR=0.469,P=0.010)、培训意愿(OR=0.118,P<0.001)是护士转岗的主要影响因素;不同等级医院转岗护士的年龄、学历、后学历、职称、聘用形式有统计学差异(P<0.05)。结论:基层医疗机构护士转岗问题严重,转岗护士以高学历、高职称、在编护士居多,职称、聘用形式、参加培训、培训意愿与转岗有关,应采取相关措施,稳定基层医疗机构的护理队伍。

Objective： To investigate the relationship between the nurse job transfer and demographic characteristics of nurses in basic medical institutions, in order to provide reference for the stability of nursing team and rational allocation of nursing staff. Methods： 52 primary medical institutions in a district of Chongqing city were investigated through questionnaire and interview, then data was compared between grade II, class A and grade III, class A hospitals. Results： transfer rate of nurses was 18.3% in basic medical institutions, significantly higher than that of grade II, class A and grade III, class A hospitals （P〈0.05）. There was significant difference between job transfer nurses and on-the-job nurses （P〈0.05） in the age, the eduation background academic degree, post-graduate academic degree, professional title, employment forms, training, and training will. Logistic regression analysis showed that professional title （OR=1.854, P=0.010）, employment forms （OR=7.898, P〈0.001）, training （OR=0.469, P=0.010） and training will （OR=0.118, P〈0.001） were major influencing factors of job transfer. There was significant difference between different level hospitals （P〈0.05） in the age, academic degree, post-graduate academic degree, professional title, and employment forms. Conclusions： The problem of job transfer is serious among nurse in basic medical institutions, especially among those with high academic degree, high professional title, and those nurses in the series. Professional title, employment forms, training, and training will are factors relevant to job transfer. Relevant measures should be taken to stabilize the nursing team in the basic medical institutions.