农村精英的回归与转化对社区发展的影响研究——基于若干个案的分析

Study on the influence of rural elite's return and transformation on the community development

随着城乡一体化进程的推进,外流精英逐渐回归农村,他们为农村的发展注入了新的活力,成为新农村建设的重要资源。对陕西省若干村庄回归精英的访谈资料表明,乡土情结的吸引力及城市机会的排斥力,二者的结合促使外流精英"归根"与"淘汰",回归农村。回归精英主要通过家族资源和自致资源,通过示范性和权威性的形成建立声望,从而获取信任,转化为政治精英,为社区谋发展。他们在农村建设方面与普通精英存在共性,同时又具备个性差异。

With the development of urban and rural integration, the exodus elite gradually return to rural areas, and they inject new vitality into the development of rural areas and become an important resource for the construction of new coun- tryside. The interviews from several villages in Shaanxi Province show that the attraction of the local complex and the city ＂s rejection promote the elite return to rural area. The returned elite transformed into the political elite through family re- sources and self-made resources and the reputation establishment by their demonstration and authority. They have com- mon characteristics and individual differences with the ordinary elite in rural construction.