石墨烯基储能材料的增材制造研究进展

Additive Manufacturing of Graphene-based Energy Storage Materials:A State-of-the-art Review

石墨烯是一种具有大比表面积、高电导率和良好的力学性能的二维材料,在高容量和大功率储能器件方面具有广阔的应用前景。然而现有的各种石墨烯电极制造技术无论从技术层面还是在生产率、性能方面都难以满足当前工业应用的需求。石墨烯增材制造(石墨烯3D打印)在复杂三维石墨烯结构的制造方面具有突出的优势和潜力,而且还具有设备简单、成型结构可控性高等优点。关于石墨烯基电极材料的增材制造及应用在近两年内迅速发展。概述了基于增材制造制备石墨烯结构的典型技术——直写成型(DIW)的机理和优点,介绍了基于该技术制备的石墨烯基电极材料在超级电容器和锂离子电池领域的应用,最后对石墨烯基电极材料的增材制造面临的挑战和未来发展趋势进行了展望。

Graphene is a two-dimensional material that offers a combination of large specific surface area, excellent electrical conductivity and exceptional mechanical properties, thus can be broadly applied to fabricate high capacity and power energy storage devices. However, current fabrication schemes of graphene electrodes are unsatisfactory for industrial applications from the perspec- tives of technics, productivity and property. The additive manufacturing of graphene （three-dimensional printing of graphene） pos- sesses outstanding advantages and potential on fabricating complicated three dimensional graphene micro-lattice. Furthermore, this method is characterized by its low cost and excellent structural properties through manipulating the structure from nanometer up to centimeter scale. In recent two years, the additive manufacturing of graphene and its applications have developed rapidly. this paper introduces the mechanism and advantages of the fabrication scheme of graphene based on a typical additive manufacturing technique direct ink writing （DIW）,describes DIW＇s application attempts to manufacture graphene-based materials for energy storage systems （lithium-ion batteries, supercapacitors）. It also discusses the challenges and future trend of the additive manufacturing of graphene based electrodes.