摘要
以7年生烟富3/M26/平邑甜茶为试材,采用^(15)N同位素示踪技术,研究不同供氮水平[低氮(100 kg N·hm^(-2),N_(100))、中氮(200 kg N·hm^(-2),N_(200))和高氮(300 kg N·hm^(-2),N_(300))]对烟富3/M26/平邑甜茶^(15)N-尿素吸收、利用、损失及产量和品质的影响.结果表明:不同供氮水平植株的生长状况及氮素吸收、利用和损失特性差异显著.N_(200)处理植株叶绿素含量(SPAD)、光合速率(Pn)、叶片全氮含量和生物量显著高于N_(100)和N_(300)处理,植株根冠比也显著增加.不同供氮水平下植株各器官对氮的吸收能力(Ndff值)存在显著差异,各测定时期果实(花)、叶片、一年生枝、多年生枝和中心干的Ndff值均为N_(100)>N_(200)>N_(300);而根的Ndff值在盛花期和春梢缓长期为N_(100)>N_(200)>N_(300),在秋梢生长期、果实膨大期和果实成熟期为N_(200)>N_(100)>N_(300).在果实成熟期,N_(200)处理^(15)N肥料利用率为23.6%,显著高于N_(100)(16.3%)和N_(300)处理(14.4%),而^(15)N损失率为56.4%,显著低于N_(100)(60.6%)和N_(300)处理(66.1%).不同供氮水平植株的平均单果质量、单株产量、可溶性固形物、硬度、可溶性糖、可滴定酸、糖酸比均存在显著差异,且均以N_(200)处理最高,其次是N_(300)处理,N_(100)处理最低.
Seven-year-old 'Yanfu3 '/M26/M. hupehensis Rehd. seedlings and 15N trace technique were used to explore the characteristics of lS N-urea absorption, utilization, loss and fruit yield and quality under different nitrogen application rates (N100, N200 and N300 ). The main results were as follows: the plant growth, 155I absorption, utilization and loss differed significantly under different treatments. The plant leaf chlorophyll content (SPAD value), photosynthetic rate (Pn), total N content of leaves and the biomass, as well as the root-shoot ratio of N200 treatment were obviously higher than the N100 and N300 treatments. Significant differences were observed in the 15N derived from fertilizer ( Ndff value) of different organs under different nitrogen application rates. The Ndff of fruits (flowers), leaves, one-year-old branch, and perennial branches in each measurement period was Nl00〉N200〉N300, while that of the roots at full-bloom and spring shoot growing slowly stage was N100〉N200〉N300, and in a trend of N200〉N100〉N300 at autumn shoot growing stage, fruit rapid-swel- ling stage and fruit maturity stage. At fruit maturity stage, plant 15N nitrogen utilization ratio of N200 treatment was 23.6%, which was obviously higher than the Nloo(16.3%) and N300(14.4%) treat- ments, with the 15N loss rate of 56.4%, obviously lower than the Nloo(60.6%) and N300 (66.1%) treatments. There were significant differences among the treatments in fruit mass, yield per plant,soluble solid, fruit firmness, soluble sugar, titratable acids and sugar-acid ratio of different nitrogen rates, and the N200 treatment showed the best performance, followed by the N300 treatment, and then the N100 treatment.
出处
《应用生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第7期2247-2253,共7页
Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0201100)
国家现代农业产业技术体系建设资金项目(CARS-28)
国家自然科学基金项目(31501713)
山东农业大学博士后基金(010-76513)资助~~