超顺排碳纳米管/硅橡胶复合材料各向异性的电学性能和力学性能

Anisotropic electrical and mechanical properties of the superaligned carbon nanotubes film/silicone composites

采用直接浸润法制备了具有不同层数的超顺排碳纳米管(SACNT)薄膜与硅橡胶的复合材料,使碳纳米管薄膜能够在硅橡胶基体表面均匀分散。测量了SACNT薄膜/硅橡胶复合材料在各个方向的导电性能和力学性能,研究了影响复合材料导电性和力学性能的因素。实验结果表明:SACNT薄膜/硅橡胶复合材料的导电性和杨氏模量都随着碳纳米管薄膜厚度的增加而增加,且具有显著的各向异性。垂直于碳纳米管排列方向的电阻率平均比平行方向的大一个数量级。当碳纳米管层数为240层时,平行于碳纳米管排列方向的杨氏模量为116.9 MPa(比纯硅橡胶基体增加了142倍),而垂直方向的杨氏模量仅为1.23 MPa(比纯硅橡胶基体增加50%),两者之间相差近100倍。结果表明,可以通过选择不同的参数,获得具有特定导电性和杨氏模量的SACNT薄膜/硅橡胶复合材料,并在实际中加以应用。

The superaligned carbon nanotube（SACNT）film/silicone composites with different carbon nanotube layers were made by the method of direct infiltration.Thorough this method,the carbon nanotube can be homogenously embedded in the surface of silicone matrix.The electrical and mechanical properties of the SACNT film/silicone composites along different directions were tested,and the factors that affect the electrical conductivity and mechanical properties were investigated.The SACNT film/silicone composites show an inspiring anisotropic electrical and mechanical properties,and the properties increase along with the increasing layer number of the SACNT film.The resistivity of the composite along the CNT aligned direction is about one order of magnitude larger than that along the perpendicular direction.For the composite with 240 CNT film layers,the Young’s modulus along the CNT aligned direction is 116.9 MPa（142times larger than the pure silicone matrix）while only 1.23 MPa（50.0%improvement）is got along perpendicular direction,and the difference between them is about 100 times.SACNT film/silicone composites with different parameters can be chosen to meet the proper conductivity and the Young’s modulus for the practical applications.