中国情境下内隐追随理论的建构与测量

The Structure and Measurement of Implicit Followership in Chinese Context

在快速变化且动荡不安的时代背景下,领导者一人往往难以招架多样化的挑战,此时,追随者及其对领导者的追随力愈发重要。正因如此,近几年追随力研究正在迅速崛起,并派生出多种研究视角。其中,一些学者从社会认知视角探索了人们心中对追随力的理解,建构出内隐追随理论,揭示隐藏在领导一追随行为背后的认知黑箱。遗憾的是,目前国内学者在研究内隐追随理论时,主要沿袭西方建构的量表。鉴于内隐理论会受到文化的影响,这种"拿来式"的做法未必能完全揭示中国情境下的内隐追随理论的全貌。因此,本文在文献回顾的基础上,访谈了23名人力资源学者、人力资源专员和企业领导者,采用扎根理论初步确定内隐追随理论题项。接着,以634位MBA学员为研究对象,利用探索性因子分析和验证性因子分析进行检验和修正量表,最终开发了一个包括5个因子,15个题项的本土内隐追随理论量表。该量表中的5个因子分别为:勤勉、服从、进取、情商、公民行为,与西方量表存在数量和内容上的差异。因此,该量表不仅是内隐追随理论跨文化研究的补充,也为未来剖析中国内隐追随理论的系统框架提供工具。

In the context of a rapidly changing and turbulent era, it is often difficult for a leader to overcome a variety of challenges, meanwhile the followers and their followership are becoming increasingly important. For this reason, recent years followership research is rapidly rising, and derived from a variety of research perspective. Among them, some scholars have explored the understanding of followership from the social cognitive perspective, and constructed the implicit followership theory, in order that help to reveal the cognitive black box hidden in the leader-follower＇ s behavior. Unfortunately, the current domestic scholars when study the implicit followership theory, they mainly follow the Western construction of the scale. In view of the implicit theory will be affected by the culture, this ＂use＂ approach may not be able to fully reveal the the whole picture of implicit followership theory in China. Therefore, on the basis of literature research, with 23 human resources academics, human resource specialists and business leaders as respondents, we use the rooting theory to determine the questions of implicit fullowership. We use the exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis to test and revise the scale, 634 MBA students as the research object. Finally, a local implicit followership measurement scale including 5 dimensions and 15 items was developed. The five dimensions of the scale are： diligence, obedience, aggressive, emotional intelligence, citizen behavior.Compared with the Western scale, there are differences in quantity and content.Therefore, the scale is not only a supplement to IFTs＇ cross-cultural rcseamh, but also provides a tool for analyzing the system framework of China＇s implicit followership theory in the future.