旱塬区滴灌系统水力特性研究及系统优化设计

Study on Hydraulic Characteristics and System Optimization Design of Drip Irrigation System in the Dryland Area

为解决陕西省渭北旱塬区滴管系统灌水均匀度较低的问题,通过试验与实际工程相结合的方法,研究不同进口工作水头与毛管铺设长度对系统单孔流量、灌溉均匀度和流量偏差率的影响,结果表明:系统单孔流量和灌水均匀度与毛管铺设长度呈反比,与进口工作水头呈正比,而流量偏差率与毛管铺设长度呈正比,与进口工作水头呈反比,工作水头在9 m左右,毛管铺设长度在30 m左右范围内时,可在节约成本的情况下,使系统灌溉均匀度最高;进口工作水头、毛管铺设长度与灌水均匀度的关系呈良好的二次抛物线关系,并得出了滴灌系统灌溉均匀度与毛管铺设长度、进口工作水头之间的函数关系式,可为渭北旱塬区滴灌系统的设计与施工提供理论依据。

To solve the problem of lower evenness of the drip irrigation system in Weibei dryland area of Shaanxi Province, through the test and the practical engineering combination method, the article is based on study different inlet working head and capillary tube laying length influence on the single hole flow, irrigation uniformity and flow rate deviation. The results show that the single hole flow rate and irrigation uniformity of the system are inverse proportional to the length of the laying of the capillary and proportional to the working head, and the deviation rate of the flow is proportional to the length of the laying of the pipe and is inversely proportional to the working head. When the working head is about 9m and the length of the pipe laying in the range of about 30m, the irrigation uniformity can be the highest in the case of cost saving. It is a good quadratic parabolic relationship among the inlet working head, the length of the pipe laying and the irrigation uniformity. It also achieved the function relation among the irrigation uniformity of the drip irrigation system and the capillary laying length and the head of inlet work, which can provide the theoretical basis for the design and construction of the drip irrigation system in Weibei dry-land area.