农业事权划分研究:国外经验与启示

RESEARCH ON THE AGRICULTURAL AFFAIRS DIVISION:FOREIGN EXPERIENCE AND ENLIGHTENMENT

[目的]清晰划分政府间农业事权,尤其理顺中央与地方政府的关系,是世界各国开展农业事务管理的普遍做法。通过分析国外发达经济体关于政府间农业事权划分的经验,可为我国进一步开展农业事权划分提供参考与借鉴。[方法]文章采用文献梳理、比较分析、归纳总结等方法,梳理分析了美国、欧盟、德国、日本等国外发达经济体关于政府间农业事权划分的基本做法,提炼了相关经验,形成了相关启示与建议。[结果]国外发达经济体政府间农业事权划分的经验主要有:一是清晰地界定政府间农业事权,明确各自职责;二是采取立法的形式划分农业事权,将农业事权划分法律化;三是明确了农业事权划分的原则与思路;四是制定了强有力的财政支农政策,持续加大农业投入。[结论]对我国政府间农业事权划分的启示与建议主要有:一是加强农业事权划分理论研究;二是依据国情统筹开展农业事权划分;三是切实推进农业事权法制化;四是努力保障农业事权与财力相匹配;五是持续加大农业投入等。

It is a common practice to divide agricultural affairs between the governments, especially the relation- ships between central and local government. Using the methods of literature review, comparative analysis and sum- marization, this paper analyzed the experiences in the division of intergovernmental agricultural affairs in foreign de- veloped counties, such as United States, the European Union, Germany and Japan, and reviewed the relevant ex- periences, and proposed some suggestions. The results showed that the intergovernmental agricuhural affairs and their respective responsibility were clearly divided, the agricultural affairs were divided by adopting the form of leg- islation, the principle and ideas were determined, and a strong financial support policy for agriculture was estab- lished. Finally, it put forward the enlightenments and policy suggestions for agricultural affairs division in China, such as strengthening theory research on the division of agricultural property rights, dividing agricultural affairs based on national conditions, promoting the legalization of agricultural affairs, protecting agricultural affairs and fi- nancial resources, increasing investment in agriculture.