高速列车制动过程对钢轨温度场的影响

Influence of High-Speed Train's Braking to the Rail's Temperature Fields

现有成熟商用软件可以模拟在移动热源作用下的瞬态传热问题,但与真实的传热问题的具体要求相比,尚有不足之处,无法完全地反映边界条件随时间、空间以及大小的复杂变化,缺乏灵活性。运用有限单元法,结合实际需要,开发出一套可用于模拟复杂边界条件的瞬态传热算法。该算法可以较为真实地反映实际传热问题的各种边界条件,例如:第二类和第三类边界条件在时间、空间以及大小上的无规则变化。使用这套算法,以CHN60重型钢轨为研究对象,分析了钢轨在列车制动时温度分布随时间的变化,全面考虑了第二类边界条件和第三类边界条件的变化,最终得出了较为精确的数值解。

The existing commercial software can simulate the transient heat transfer problem under the action of moving heat source. However, compared with the actual heat transfer problem, there are still some deficiencies. It is not able to fully reflect the complex change of boundary condition with time, space and size, so it is lack of flexibility. Based on the finite element method and combined with the actual needs, a transient heat transfer algorithm is developed to simulate the complex boundary conditions, for example： the second and the third boundary conditions in the time, space and size of the irregular changes. This algorithm is applied to treat the CHN60 heavy rail as the research object and to analyze the changes of temperature distribution with time when the train brakes. The changes of the second or third boundary conditions are fully considered and the numerical results are satisfactory.