中国对外开放与区域收入差距——基于省际面板数据的实证研究

Openness and Regional Income Disparities in China——An Empirical Study based on Provincial Panel Data

文章基于1988-2014年中国29个省份的面板数据,就中国对外开放与地区间收入差距之间的关系进行了研究。研究结果表明:就全国而言,贸易依存度、外资依存度、就业率的提高是造成收入差距拉大的主要原因,且外资依存度的影响程度最大;东部地区收入差距的扩大主要依赖于进出口贸易、外商直接投资和固定资产投资率;中部地区收入差距的拉大主要通过外商直接投资、就业率和人均生产总值的提高;而西部地区主要依靠进出口贸易、就业率和国际旅游外汇收入的增加。分析认为中国扩大对外开放加剧了各区域收入差距。因此,必须重视对外开放政策的作用,使开放利益在地区间的分配趋于合理。

With 29 provinces panel data from 1988 to 2014, this paper analyzes the relationship between openness and regional income disparities in China. The results show that the increase of foreign trade dependence, foreign capital dependence and the employment rate is the main reason for the regional income disparities in china, and the foreign capital dependence effect significantly; import and export trade, FDI and fixed assets investment rate broaden the income gap in east china; FDI, the employment rate and per capita GDP have effect on the central region income disparities; while in west china import and export trade, the employment rate and international tourism foreign exchange revenue effect larger. 1992 Deng Xiaoping＇s southern tour has profound impact on income distribution in eastern and central region, accession to the WTO significantly influence the income gap in the west china. Therefore, we must pay attention to the openness policy and make the inter-regional distribution more reasonable.