黑龙江省大豆蚜发生种群动态研究

Study on the Population Dynamics of Soybean Aphid in Heilongjiang Province

2011-2015年连续5年对大豆蚜田间种群及其天敌的发生情况进行定点、定期监测。结果表明:2011-2015年大豆蚜始见期基本一致,6月中旬始见大豆蚜,不同年份大豆蚜量达到峰值的时间不同。无论大豆蚜发生的早晚,在始见期后的25 d,有蚜株率达到一个峰值。在适合大豆蚜发生的2011和2012年,第一个高峰后的15~20 d有蚜株率达到第二个高峰。大豆蚜始见期后的20~25 d,大豆蚜种群增长率达到最大值;大豆蚜的种群增长率在35~45 d后逐渐开始下降。从本研究看,天敌数量随着大豆蚜量的增长逐步达到的高峰,天敌始见期比大豆蚜始见期晚15 d左右,终见期比大豆蚜早20 d左右,种群数量的高峰期比大豆蚜量的高峰期早5~10 d。

The occurrence of soybean aphid and its natural enemies were investigated in soybean experimental plot in the area from 2011 to 2015. The results showed that the beginning date of soybean aphid was basically the same in 2011 - 2015, and in the middle of June, soybean aphids were observed. No matter the soybean aphid occurred sooner or later, in the beginning 25 days, the rate of plant infested reached a peak. In the year that was suitable for the occurrence of soybean aphid, the rate of plant infested reached second peak after the first peak of 15 - 20 d. The soybean aphid population growth rate reached the maximum value from 20 - 25 d after the beginning of soybean aphid, and the population growth rate of soybean aphid began to decline in about 45 d. In this study, the number of natural enemies reached the peak with the increase of soybean aphid. The initial period of natural enemies was about 15 d later than that of soybean aphid, and the final period was about 20 d earlier than that of soybean aphid, and the peak of population was 5 - 10 d earlier than that of soybean aphid.