航改燃气轮机的湿空气透平循环改型方案研究

Study on Humid Air Turbine Cycles Converted from an Aero-derivative Gas Turbine

航改燃气轮机具有压比高、效率高、可靠性高和结构紧凑等特点,它将航空发动机先进技术有效地应用于工业领域。以某型三轴航改燃气轮机为研究对象,对其不同的HAT循环改型方案进行了研究。建立了一种基于饱和曲线和工作线的饱和器模型,该模型避免使用难以准确获得的传热传质系数,利用饱和器实验数据对该模型进行了验证,结果表明:建立的饱和器模型具有较高的准确性,其中出口空气温度最大误差小于0.8%,出口湿度最大误差小于1.9%。此外,设计并仿真了3种不同结构形式的HAT循环方案,仿真结果表明:原始的压气机和透平特性不适合于改型后的HAT循环,它限制了HAT循环的效率和燃气轮机的输出功率(简称出功)。针对这一问题,提出了改进透平特性方案,该方案有效地解决了水蒸气的加入带来部件不匹配问题。在此基础上分析了3个HAT方案设计点的性能,结果表明方案2即在简单循环基础上加入了饱和器、经济器、回热器和中冷器是最佳的改型方案。

Aero-derivative gas turbine includes the advantages of high pressure ratio,high efficiency,high reliability and compact construction,and is an effect way to apply the advanced aeronautical technology to the industry filed. In this paper,an aero-derivative three-shaft gas turbine was converted to the humid air turbine( HAT) cycle. In order to investigate the performance of the HAT cycle,the saturator model was established based on the saturation curve and the saturator working line,and validated with the steady state experimental results. Results showed that the maximum error of the outlet air temperature is less than 0. 8% and the maximum error of the outlet air humidity is less than 1. 9%. At the same time,three different HAT cycle systems were designed and simulated. The results showed that the original characteristics of the compressors and turbines are not suitable for the HAT systems and the efficiency and output power are limited. A turbine modification method was proposed and effectively solved the problems resulted from the evaporative water added into the air. Moreover,the thermodynamic performance of the three HAT systems on the design point showed that case 2 is the best scheme.