新生儿鼻饲固定架的设计与应用

Design and application of neonatal nasogastric fixation mount

目的:设计一种新生儿鼻饲固定架,以减少早产儿鼻饲过程中可能出现的并发症,同时便于护士操作,满足临床应用需求。方法:该鼻饲固定架由底座、软管支架、夹头、自由旋转式滚珠、固定旋钮5个部分组成。将2016年1—9月住院早产儿随机分为固定架组、重力喂养组及对照组(常规鼻饲法)各30例,观察并记录3组早产儿喂养并发症(呕吐、腹胀、呼吸暂停)发生例数。采用问卷调查方法,调查临床护士使用该鼻饲固定架的满意度。结果:该鼻饲固定架减少了鼻饲相关并发症,提高了护士操作满意度。固定架组早产儿喂养并发症发生率(30.0%)低于重力喂养组(43.3%)及对照组(53.3%),护士对固定架组操作使用满意度(93.3%)高于重力喂养组(80.0%)和对照组(52.0%)。结论:该鼻饲固定架操作简便、安全,适用于置于远红外辐射台、暖箱及婴儿床上的早产儿,值得临床应用推广。

Objective To design a neonatal nasogastric fixation mount to decrease the complications during nasogastric feeding and facilitate the nurse＇s operation. Methods The mount was composed of a base, a hose rack, a clamp, a freely-rotating roll ball and a fixation knob. Totally 90 preterm infants hospitalized from January to September 2016 were equally and randomly divided into a fixation mount group, a gravity feeding group and a control group using conventional nasogastric feeding. The incidences of the complications during feeding were recorded including emesis, abdominal distension and apnea, and questionnaire survey was carried out on the nurse＇s satisfaction for the fixation mount. Results The mount reduced the complications related to nasal feeding, increased the nurse＇s satisfaction. The fixation mount group had the complications incidence rate（30.0%） significantly lower than those of the gravity feeding group（43.3%） and the control group（53.3%）. The nurse＇s satisfaction in the fixation mount group（93.3%） was higher than those in the gravity feeding group（80.0%） and control group（52.0%）. Conclusion The nasograstric fixation mount is applicable for the preterm infants in far-infrared radiation table, warmer and infanette, and thus is worthy promoting clinically.