景观交错对毛竹林生物量的影响

The effect of landscape econtone on biomass of moso bamboo

【目的】探究景观交错及不同景观交错类型对毛竹林生物量的影响。【方法】以福建省建瓯市3座存在毛竹和树木景观交错区域的样山和1座毛竹纯林样山为研究对象,在毛竹与树木的交错地带,以及距离交错地带10 m处分别划定两条样带,每条样带设置3个样方,调查了样地内毛竹的胸径及林下土壤养分,运用KruskalWallis统计检验每座样山不同样带间毛竹平均胸径是否存在显著性差异。【结果】(1)在相同取样面积下,不同景观交错类型的毛竹林生物量均高于毛竹纯林的生物量,尤其在景观交错带内,比同海拔水平毛竹纯林类型的高11.09%~27.72%,且山体上位样带内毛竹林的生物量均比下位样带的高,这与毛竹纯林上下位样带内毛竹林的生物量对比相反;(2)不同景观交错类型的样带间毛竹林生物量差异显著,毛竹纯林类型的样带间差异不显著;(3)4座样山的样带间土壤养分差异不显著但存在一定的变化趋势,多数为山体上位样带的生物量低于下位样带,与景观交错类型的毛竹林生物量在样带间的分布趋势相反。【结论】植物的景观交错有助于增加毛竹林生物量;不同景观交错类型对毛竹林生物量的影响均显著;不同景观交错类型中土壤养分含量对毛竹生物量没有显著性影响,毛竹林的生物量高于毛竹纯林,与其交错林分的林分类型、林分结构及人为经营措施有关。

【Objective】To examine whether the biomass of moso bamboo（Phyllostachys edulis） in an ecotone is different from that of a non-ecotone.【Method】Study sites were selected on three mountains where an interface between moso bamboo and trees exists,and one mountain with only a single moso bamboo forest.Three plots were randomly chosen in either sampling belt in the interface and in the belt area,with 10 m distance from the interface below.The diameters at breast height（DBH） of moso bamboo on the sampling belts were measured,and the relevant soil nutrients were analyzed.The Kruskal-Wallis statistic was used to test whether there was a significant difference in the mean DBH of moso bamboo between two sampling belts（i.e.,the interface and the belt area below）.【Result】The results showed that：（1） The biomass of moso bamboo in the three landscape ecotone types was significantly higher than that in the moso bamboo plantation,especially in the upper transects,biomasses were 11.09%-27.72% higher at the same altitude in the ecotone transects than that in the plantation transect.The biomass in the upper transects of landscape ecotone types was higher than that in the lower transects,in contrast to the results for the moso bamboo plantation.（2） The differences were significant in two transects of the three types of landscape ecotone,but not significant in the moso bamboo plantation.（3） There were no significant differences in soil nutrients between two transects of the four mountains.However,there was an overalltrend of soil nutrients in upper slopes being lower than those in lower slopes,contrasting the trend in transects of moso bamboo biomass in the three landscape ecotone types.【Conclusion】Landscape ecotone has a positive effect on the biomass of moso bamboo,and different landscape ecotone types have significant effects on the biomass of moso bamboo.However,the extent of these effects was different.Regardless of the level of soil nutrient content,the biomass of moso bamboo in three types of landscape ecotones was higher than that of the moso bamboo plantation owing to the effects of stand type,stand structure,and human management policies.