乳腺癌相关MicroRNAs研究进展

Research progress of microRNAs in breast cancer

MicroRNAs(miRNAs)是一类广泛存在于真核细胞中长约18~23个核苷酸的小分子非编码RNA,具有转录后基因调控的功能,参与调节细胞的分化、增殖、凋亡、迁移等多种生物学进程。现今乳腺癌已成为女性常见的恶性肿瘤之一,但其发病病因尚未完全清楚。近年来,通过对分子生物学的研究,发现miRNAs是一类潜在的强有力的评估乳腺癌的发生、发展,诊断、治疗及预后的生物学指标。本文主要对miRNAs这一类新的肿瘤分子生物学标记物在乳腺癌中的作用机制作一综述。

MicroRNAs（ miRNAs） are small non-coding RNA molecules with 18 ~ 23 nucleotides in length,which are widely expressed in eukaryotic cells. miRNAs have the function to regulate gene expression post-transcriptional and participate in a variety of biological processes,such as differentiation,proliferation,apoptosis and invasion. Nowadays,breast cancer has become one of the most common malignant tumors in women,but the etiology of breast cancer is not fully understood. In recent years,through the study of molecular biology,it has been found that miRNAs is a kind of potential biological index to evaluate the occurrence,development,diagnosis,treatment and prognosis of breast cancer. In this paper,we reviewed the mechanism of miRNAs,a novel tumor marker in breast cancer.